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Vulnerability Assessment and Groundwater Resources Planning for Tongi Industrial Area, Bangladesh

Nadia Binte Jamil
University of Dhaka

Kazi Matin Ahmed
University of Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Groundwater pollution risk assessment from industries has been conducted in order to prepare a water resources management plan for Tongi, the largest and oldest industrial area of the country. Most of the over 200 industries located there discharge untreated solid and liquid wastes into lowland or open water bodies posing serious threats to water resources. DRASTIC model has been used to assess groundwater pollution risk of the study area and Geographical Information System (GIS) overlay procedure has been used for producing various maps. A Groundwater Vulnerability Map (GVM) has been prepared on the basis of seven hydrogeological parameters of DRASTIC model for identifying low, moderate and high vulnerable zones. The high vulnerable zone encompasses the low lying areas along the water courses whereas the central relatively elevated part has been found to be least vulnerable. Potential Hazardous Activity Map (PHAM) and Hotspot Map have been prepared to show the point sources of pollution located at different risk zones. Finally, a Groundwater Resources Planning Map (GRPM) has been produced based on DRASTIC vulnerability index. The GRPM exhibits that the low lying area near riverbanks as the high risk zone which should not be used for polluting industries. However, industrial activities may take place within the low risk zone confined to the central elevated area. This approach can be applied for other industrial areas of the country for preparing groundwater management plans.

Keywords: Groundwater vulnerability, DRASTIC model, GIS, Tongi Industrial Area, Bangladesh.

Location: North of Dhaka Mega city and South of Gazipur district.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Groundwater

Objectives:

This study will attempt to assess groundwater pollution risk and water resources management in Tongi Industrial Area, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

DRASTIC model is used for vulnerability assessment of the study area. Data for creation of the DRASTIC parameters have been collected from different sources. Each DRASTIC parameter was assigned a relative weight between 1 to 5 where 5 is considered most significant in regard to contamination potential and 1 being considered least significant. In turn, each of the variables was subdivided into numerical ranges (depth to water table) or media types which impact pollution potential. Finally the ratings are used to quantify the ranges/ media with regard to likelihood of groundwater pollution. The final vulnerability map based on the DRASTIC index (Di) which is computed as the weighted sum overlay of the layers using equation. Once the DRASTIC index was computed, it was possible to identify the area which was most likely to be susceptible to groundwater contamination relative to others.The higher the DRASTIC index, the greater the groundwater pollution potential.

Source of Information: Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 4, December 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the aquifer vulnerability of Tongi Industrial Area employing the empirical DRASTIC model of the USEPA. The DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability map (GVM) indicates that the western and the eastern part of the study area are dominated by ‘High’ vulnerability class while the central part was characterized by ‘Low’ vulnerability class. The Potential Hazardous Activity Map (PHAM) and resultant Hot-Spot Map exhibits the point sources of pollution (industries). Groundwater Resources Planning Map (GRPM) indicates the low lying areas near riverbanks that are highly vulnerable to pollution and therefore prohibited to industrial or commercial uses.

Knowledge Management: Journal