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Influence of Size and Plant Growth Regulators on Corm and Cormel Production of Gladiolus (gladiolus Grandiflorus L.)

MHA Rashid
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Gladiolus is an excellent cut flower grown throughout the world for its spikes with florets of massive form, brilliant colours, attractive shapes, varying size and long shelf life. However, major constraint for gladiolus cultivation is the corm dormancy. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play an important role in breaking dormancy and promote more number of quality corm and cormel productions in gladiolus. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study the influence of corm size and plant growth regulators on corm and cormel production of gladiolus during the period from October 2017 to April 2018 at the Landscaping section of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The two-factor experiment included two corm sizes viz., 3-4 cm and 4.1-5 cm, and two PGRs viz., GA₃ @ 250, 500 and 750 ppm; and NAA @ 100, 200 and 300 ppm along with tap water as control. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results revealed that the corm size and PGRs at different concentrations significantly influenced the corm and cormel producing attributes of gladiolus. Maximum number of corms and cormel per plant, maximum weight of single corm, maximum weight of corms and cormel per plant, biggest size of single corm, highest yield of corms and cormels per hectare were recorded from 4.1-5 cm sized corms and GA₃ @ 500 ppm, compared to rest of the treatments. It was observed that combined treatments had significant influence on all the parameters studied. The treatment combination of 4.1-5 cm sized corms and GA₃ @ 500 ppm was found to be best in terms of corm and cormel production of gladiolus.

Keywords: Gladiolus, Corm, Cormel, GA3, NAA

Location: Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-2017

End Date: 00-04-2018

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Gladiolus

Objectives:

To study the influence of corm size and plant growth regulators on corm and cormel production of gladiolus.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Landscaping section of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2017 to April 2018. The experimental site was medium high land belonging to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain under the Agro-Ecological Zone 9 having non-calcareous dark gray floodplain soil (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The soil was silty loam in texture and neutral (pH 7.0) in reaction which is suitable for gladiolus production. The experiment consisted of two factors viz. corm size (3-4 and 4.1-5 cm) and PGRs (GA₃ @ 250, 500 and 750 ppm, and NAA @ 100, 200 and 300 ppm, along with control). The healthy corms of gladiolus of above 3-4 and 4.1-5 cm diameter were purchased from a private nursery of Jessore and rested for 6 months. The experimental area was cleaned first and tilled three to four times thoroughly followed by clod breaking, leveling, and layout was prepared manually. The rested corms were placed at room temperature for 15 days before plantation. Corms were soaked at different doses of plant growth regulator solutions and tap water for control for 12 hours and shade dried. The shade-dried treated corms were then planted at a spacing of 30 x 30 cm and depth of 5-6 cm in raised beds of 1m x 1m dimensions in the month of October, following randomized complete block design with three replications. Fertilizers were applied at two split installments such as 1^st at the time of land preparation and 2^nd at the time of spike emergence. The land was applied with well-decomposed cowdung @ 10 kg/m² at the time of final land preparation. Nitrogen (N) in the form of Urea, P in the form of Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) and K in the form of Muriate of Potash (MoP) were applied at uniform dose to all plots and incorporated well with the soil during application. Gladiolus was grown with all recommended cultivation practices throughout the experiment. The observations were made on various corm and cormel producing characters viz. number of corms and cormels per plant, weight of single corm (g), weight of corms and cormels per plant (g), corm size (cm), yield of corms and cormel (t/ha). The collected data on various parameters were analyzed statistically using MSTAT computer programme. The means for all the treatments were calculated and analysis of variance was performed by F-test. The mean difference between a pair of treatments was evaluated by LSD at 5 % level of significance.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 91-98, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the present study, it can be concluded that pre soaking treatment of 4.1-5 cm sized corms with GA₃ @ 500 ppm followed by 4.1-5 cm sized corms with GA₃ @ 750 ppm was found to be best for corm and cormel production of gladiolus.

Knowledge Management: Journal