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Effect of Garlic Powder (allium Sativum) on Growth, Dressing Parameters, Serum Biochemical Contents and Profitability of Broiler

MB Karim
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

ME Hossain
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MS Ali
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A Hossain
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of garlic an alternative feed additive in broiler diet. The experiment was carried out for a period of 32 days with a number of 340 day-old straight run broiler chicks. Birds were divided into five dietary treatment groups with 4 replications each having 17 birds. The dietary groups were; control (basal diet; no additives), antibiotic (basal diet + antibiotic), garlic 0.25% (basal diet + 0.25% garlic powder), garlic 0.50% (basal diet + 0.50% garlic powder) and garlic 0.75% (basal diet + 0.75% garlic powder). Results showed that the body weight, body weight gain and total FCR were not differ significantly (P>0.05) among the treatment groups. Total feed intake in different dietary levels showed significant (P<0.05) difference. Control group showed significantly (P<0.05) higher feed intake than the other dietary groups. The results also showed that the serum glucose concentration was reduced (P<0.05) in all garlic supplemented groups compared to the control and antibiotic groups. Total cholesterol level was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the 0.75% garlic group compared to the control and antibiotic groups. In case of dressing parameter, 0.75% garlic group showed lowest (P<0.05) abdominal fat compared to the other groups. Cost of production per kg live broiler was lower in antibiotic and control groups compared to the garlic group. With regards to profit, antibiotic groups showed higher profitability than the other groups. It can be concluded that the addition of garlic powder to broiler diet had positive effect on cholesterol and glucose levels and had no effect on feed intake, body weight gain, meat yield, bone development, carcass parameters. It can be suggested that the garlic could be a potential feed additive in broiler diet.

Keywords: Garlic, Growth, Dressing parameters, Serum biochemical content, Broiler

Location: Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Broiler

Objectives:

To explore some recent information on the effects of garlic powder on growth performance, dressing parameters, serum biochemical contents and economics of broiler production.

Methodology:

Experimental design and broiler diet- A total of 340 day-old straight run Cobb 500 commercial broiler chicks were randomly divided in to five dietary treatment groups and then each treatment group into four replications. The experiment was carried out over a period of 32 days. The dietary treatment groups were; control (basal diet; no additives), antibiotic (basal diet + antibiotic), garlic 0.25% (basal diet + 0.25% garlic powder), garlic 0.50% (basal diet + 0.50% garlic powder) and garlic 0.75% (basal diet + 0.75% garlic powder). Two types of broiler diets were formulated namely starter (0-21 days) and grower (22-32 days). The nutrient requirements (ME, CP, CF, EE, Ca, P, Lysine and Methionine) were satisfied as per recommendation of Cobb- 500 broiler strain. Management practices- Experimental shed and necessary equipment’s were properly cleaned, washed, dried, disinfected and subsequently left empty for a week before the arrival of chicks. Feeders were cleaned in every week and drinkers were cleaned twice daily. Starter diet was provided for the first 21 days and grower diet was provided to the broiler up to 32 days of age. In all cases, adlibitum feed were offered to the broilers. Feed was supplied four times daily, once in the morning, noon, afternoon and again at night in such a way that feeder was not kept empty. Fresh and clean water was made available at all times. Fresh and dried rice husk was used as litter material and spread over the floor at a depth of about 3 cm. After first two weeks, the upper part of the litter with droppings was removed and replaced with new one. After 14 days, litter was stirred in every alternative day to dry up quickly and to remove harmful gases. The chicks were brooded in respective pens using one 100 watt electric bulbs in each pen. The chicks were provided with a temperature of 35°C at first week of age, decreasing gradually at the rate of 3°C per week continued up to 4 weeks of age. Growth performances of bird- Body weights, body weight gain of the experimental bird were measured for every week from the initial day to final day of the study. Feed intake and Feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated on weekly basis. Measurement of dressing parameters, meat yield and bone development- At the end of the experimental period, two broilers with average pen weights from each replication were selected, slaughtered and dissected. After complete bleeding, head, legs, feathers, viscera and skin were removed in order to determine carcass weight. Meat (breast, thigh, drumstick and wing) and bone (whole leg, drumstick, thigh and wing) relative weights were determined by weighing each meat or bone with respect to body weight. The length of drumstick and thigh bones was measured in centimeters (cm). Relative weights of dressing parameters (head, neck, skin and abdominal fat) and internal organ (liver, heart and gizzard) were also determined by calculating the weight of each parameter or organ with respect to body weight. Blood collection and measurement of serum biochemical parameters- At the end of the experiment one bird of average body weight from each replication was taken randomly for the collection of three or four ml of blood sample. Tubes were placed in a slanting position (45º angles) at room temperature for clotting. After 2 hours separated blood serum was transferred to an eppendorf tube and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The serum was then transferred into another eppendorf tube and preserved at - 20°C until analysis. The eppendorf tubes were marked properly with permanent marker for easy identification during chemical analysis. After separation of serum from the blood, serum was transferred to laboratory for serum lipid profile determination. Serum total cholesterol levels was determined by enzymatic (CHOD-PAP) colorimetric method and Glucose plasma levels were determined by using an enzymatic colorimetric kit (GOD-PAP). Statistical analysis Data were analyzed by using the general linear models of SAS (2009) to estimate variance components with a completely randomized design. Duncan's multiple comparison tests were used to examine significant differences among the treatment means. The level of significance was set at P<0.05.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (4):215-224

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that addition of garlic in the broiler diet had no negative effect on growth parameters. Moreover, abdominal fat, cholesterol and glucose level showed lower by garlic supplemented groups. In case of profitability, supplemental groups showed slightly lower value compared to the control and antibiotic groups but it could be sold at higher price as supplemented groups are safer and beneficial for the consumer health. Considering these results, it is clearly noticeable that extensively use of garlic as a potential feed additive in poultry diet can produce antibiotic free poultry meat.

Knowledge Management: Journal