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Retrospective Study of Parasitic Diseases of Cattle Through Laboratory Analysis of Clinical Samples of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Md. Humayun Kabir
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Md. Ershaduzzaman
System Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammed Sirajul Islam
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Seikh Masudur Rahman
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Md. Rezaul Karim
Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Zakir Hasan
Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Abu Haris Miah
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Md. Yousuf Ali
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Shafaat Mahjabun
Rangpur Medical College and Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Sumona Aktar
Central Dairy Farm and Cattle Breeding Station, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Shahjahan
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Cattle are affected by different types of parasitic diseases that can lead to economic losses to the farmers in terms of reduced growth and production performance and increased mortality. As such, this study was conducted at Animal Health Laboratory of BLRI regional station, Baghabari, Sirajganj to determine the clinical prevalence of various types of parasitic diseases in cattle of different age groups, sexes and seasons of a year. The data were collected during the period of July 2016 to June 2017 from the record book of AHL. Diagnosis of each faeces sample was done by direct observation, indirect smear and sedimentation method for the diagnosis of whole parasites, ova, larvae and cyst of enteric parasites. The total number of faeces sample was 701. It was observed that parasitic infestation was not affected by various body weight (p >0.05) but the age variation had significant differences (p <0.05) in infestation level. According to various parasitic loads multiple infestation observed (p<0.05) in those cattle having higher body weight. However, single infestation (Ascaria) identified in lower body weight (calf). In the Summer, single infestation found higher (44%) followed by double (32%) and non-infestation (17%). Similar patterns observed in Rainy, Autumn and Winter seasons of the studied feces samples. These data indicated higher percentage of single infestation in the tested samples followed by double parasitic loads. In addition, single infestation was higher in Autumn (54%) and Winter (59%) season while double parasitic loads found frequently in Summer (32%) and Rainy (37%) seasons. The frequency of Fasciola (21%) was observed the most followed by Fasciola + Paramphiastomum (13%) and Balantidium coli (10%) in the Summer. The frequency of Fasciola and Balantidium coli identified in similar pattern during Rainy, Autumn and Winter seasons. These data suggested that proper measure should be taken for those specific parasitic infestations in those areas from where feces samples were tested. In the tested feces samples of male and female 15.2% and 17.5% were found for Fasciola in both followed by Balantidium coli, respectively, 15.2% and 14.9% (Table 5). In case of double infestation of Fasciola & Paramphiastomum and Fasciola & Balantidium coli were 12.3% & 12.7% and 7.4% and 7.0%, respectively. This study will be conducted every year from now on and these large set of data can act as a guideline for farther research activities with parasitic diseases eradication and control of the surrounding areas of Baghabari.

Keywords: Cattle; Parasitic diseases; Prevalence; Season; Sex; Age

Location: Animal Health Laboratory of BLRI regional station, Baghabari, Sirajganj

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-06-2017

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To find out the prevalence and seasonal variation of various flukes and gastro-intestinal parasite infections in native and crossbred cattle.

Methodology:

Study area and period ofstudy- To have a retrospective study of the gastro-intestinal parasitic infection in cattle, the samples were received from different area around Sahajadpur upazilla of Sirajgong district namely Bara, Faridpur, Demra, Bahangura of Pubna and Ullapara, Belkuchi, Chouhali, Kamarkhanda of Sirajgong. The study was conducted during the period from July 2016 to June 2017. Climatic conditions of the study areas- The climatic conditions of the selected study areas were more or less similar to the average condition of the country. The climate of Pubna and Sirajgong district are moderate in nature. The maximum temperature is 37°C in May followed by a minimum temperature of 15°C in January. The rainfall is moderate in respect of other areas of Bangladesh. Collection of fecal samples- Fecal samples were collected by the farmers directly from the rectum of each animal or from the pasture immediately after defecation and was transported to the AHL of BLRI-RS, Baghabari. About 10-15gm of fecal samples was collected. After collection, the samples were kept on the refrigerator and bring to the laboratory for further processing. All fecal samples were collected in separate cups. To prevent potential cross contamination between fecal samples, separate disposable gloves were worn for each collected sample. Fecal samples collected in the field were kept refrigerated at 4°C until processed for further examination. Examination and identification of parasites- After collection, the samples were immediately carried out to the laboratory and examined by direct smear method and sedimentation method to detect ova or larva of nematodes according to Soulsby18. Direct smear method A thin smear was prepared by spreading a small amount of feces in a grease free clean slide and then examined under microscope with low power objectives of 10X described by Soulsby18. Sedimentation method- In this method, about 5-10 gm feces were mixed with 50-100 ml of water in cylinder and were allowed to sediment for 15-20 minutes. The supernatant was carefully discarded without disturbing the sediment. Finally smear was made with a small amount of the sediment on a grease free glass slide and was examined using 10X eye-piece and 10X object. Some samples were considered negative after examination of three slides with no eggs or larvae segment were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics described by Soulsby (1982). Ethics statement- The handling of animals in the study well be performed in accordance with the current Bangladesh legislation (Cruelty to Animals Act 1920, Act No. I of 1920 of the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh). The specific experiments was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Saver, Dhaka. Data analysis- Collected data were tabulated and analyzed by statistical software SPSS var.17 for descriptive statistics such as average, percentage etc.

Source of Information: Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (4), 372-377; ISSN 2411-4472 (Print) 2412-5571 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v4i4.40109

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of this study revealed the overall prevalence of gastro-intestinal nematodes infection in cattle in Bangladesh are very high. Although a number of drugs are commercially available in the local market for the treatment against parasitism but most of the farmers are unaware and not properly treated their animals. Therefore, it is suggested that anthelmentic treatment on quarterly basis may be implemented to reduce the risk of re-infection as well as separate grazing practice can be adopted. Further studies are suggested which will help to take obligatory preventive and control measures against parasitism as well as maximize the production.

Knowledge Management: Journal