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Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Compost on the Performance of Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold

M. R. Anam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

K. Hossen
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali.

M. A. Kader
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Billah
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali.

N. Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Moinar Mor Sabuj Nursery, Mymensingh to evaluate the effects of compost prepared from solid wastes of Mymensingh municipality area on the yield and yield attributes of three crops viz. Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold grown in pots. Each crop was grown under six different treatments viz. 100% compost (T₀), 75% compost + 25% soil (T₁), 50% compost + 50% soil (T₂), 25% compost + 75% soil (T₃), 100% soil (T₄) and farmers practice- (T₅) (75% of recommended rate of NPK plus soil). A single factor experiment was laid out in a with three replications. The results revealed that in Chilli, application of 75% compost plus 25% soil (T₁) produced significantly the tallest plant (45.50 cm), maximum number of flowers (25.00) and fruits (21.00) plant^-1, longest leaf (11.67 cm), longest root (5.43 cm) and greater yield of fruits plant^-1 (168.30 g). This treatment also produced the tallest plant (45.33 cm), maximum flowers plant^-1 (2.33), longest leaf (11.55 cm) and higher fresh weight of single flower (7.34 g) of Dahlia. Compost treatment also significantly influenced various plant characters of Marigold where 75% compost + 25% soil (T₁) gave the tallest plant (16.33 cm), higher weight of fresh flower (10.52 g), longest leaf (10.10 cm) and maximum flowers plant^-1 (16.33). Plants grown in 100% compost showed the longest duration in case of Dahlia (19 days) and Marigold (23 days) flowering. From the findings, it can be inferred that use of 75% compost prepared from solid wastes of Mymensingh municipality area plus 25% soil appeared to be the best practice for obtaining the maximum yield of Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold.

Keywords: Chilli, Dahlia, Marigold, Solid Waste Compost

Location: Moinar Mor Sagor Nursery, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-11-2011

End Date: 00-02-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Manures

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of different levels of municipal waste compost in mix with different levels of soil in pots on the aspect of production of spices Chilli and flowering plants viz. Dahlia and Marigold.

Methodology:

Experimental Site- The present research work was conducted at the Moinar Mor Sagor Nursery, Mymensingh. The research was carried out during the period from November 2011 to February 2012. The study area is geographically located at about 24°75" North latitude and 90°50' East longitude having an altitude of 8.3 m under the Agro-ecological Zone - 9. The soil texture of the experimental site was silty loam, land was medium high and belongs to the AEZ-9 which was originated from Old Brahmaputra deposits, having non-calcareous dark grey flood plain soil. It was fertile and well drained and slightly acidic with pH varying from 5.5 to 6.8. The climate of the experimental site is subtropical in nature, which is characterized by three distinct seasons, the monsoon extending from May to October, the winter or dry season from November to February and pre-monsoon period hot season from March to April (SRDI, 1991). Plenty of sunshine and moderately low temperature prevails during Rabi season from October to March which is suitable for growing of Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold in Bangladesh. Treatments of the experiment- A single factor experiment was consisted of 6 composting levels for the observation of three crops individually (Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold). The six composting levels were as follows: T₀ = 100% compost, T₁ = 75% compost + 25% soil, T₂ = 50% compost + 50% soil, T₃ = 25% compost + 75% soil, T₄ = only soil, T₅ = Farmers’ practice (75% recommended rate of NPK‌+ soil) Experimental design and layout of the experiment- The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Six treatments including a control (soil only) were assigned randomly to the unit pot of 16 cm long in size. The experimental area was divided into three blocks. Each block consisted of six unit pots. Thus the total number of unit pot was 18, the blocks and pots were spaced at 1 m and 0.5 m, respectively. Methods of flower cultivation- The selected pots for the experiment were prepared on 27 November 2011 with well decomposed compost and soil. The experimental pots were then properly prepared to provide a good tilth and favorable condition for transplanting of Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold seedlings. Weeds and stubbles were removed from these pots. The pots were leveled and the experimental pots were laid out according to plan. Well decomposed compost was incorporated into pots before 15 days of transplanting as per treatments. The crop in control pot received no chemical fertilizers. In farmers’ practice, the crop was fertilized with 75% of recommended dose of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium @ 150: 100:125 kg ha^-1 (6g ha^-1: 4g ha^-1: 5g ha^-1 in each pot) in the form of urea, di- ammonium phosphate and muriate of potash as basal doses as per treatments (BARC, 1997). Twenty seven day old of Chilli and thirty five day old of Dahlia and Marigold healthy and uniform sized seedlings were transplanted in the experimental pots on 03 December 2011 maintaining proper spacing of unit pot. Intercultural operations such as weeding, earthing-up and irrigation was done in different growth stages of plants. Harvesting was done pot-wise during maturity stage. At the maturity stage, whole Chilli fruits were harvested three times at 5 day intervals from first harvest while maximum Chilli fruits were turned into red. Dahlia and Marigold flowers were harvested over a period from 06 February to 04 March 2012. After harvesting, plant height, length of single leaf and single fruit, number of fruits and flowers plant^-1, duration of flower in plant, weight of flowers and fruits plant^-1 were recorded in this study. Statistical analysis- The recorded data on various parameters under study were statistically analyzed using MSTAT-C computer program according to the principles of experimental design to find out the variation resulting from experimental treatments (Russel, 1986). The means for all the treatments were calculated and analysis of variance for each parameter was performed by F-test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). The mean values for all the parameters were calculated and the analysis of variance for the characters was accomplished by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 149-155, 2017

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Achievement/Findings:

From the present study, it could be concluded that the treatment T₁ (75% compost + 25% soil) showed the best compost-soil combination and more effectiveness than other treatments on the aspect of yield and yield attributing traits among the studied crop and flower plants. These results observed that the 75% compost in combinations with 25% soil might have enriched the soil chemical and physical properties as soil fertility kept the soil moisture pH and soil cations favorable which ensured the greater performance of the studied Chilli, Dahlia and Marigold.

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