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Evaluation of Pre-harvest Interval for Pesticides on Different Vegetables in Bangladesh

Md. Touhidul Islam
School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur- 1705, Bangladesh

Md. Anowarul Haque
School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur- 1705, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to evaluate the pre-harvest interval (PHI) for pesticides on different vegetables in Bangladesh. Data were collected from selected 330 vegetable farmers of eleven districts- Bogra, Joypurhut, Rangpur, Gaibandha, Jessore, Jhenaidah, Magura, Khulna, Satkhira, Kustia and Chuadangha in 2013. The interview schedule containing direct questions with appropriate scales were prepared according to the objectives of the study and data were collected from the vegetable farmers. The recommendation rate of the pesticides was used in the vegetables field of the study area. The highest and the lowest amount of highly toxic vegetables were harvested by the farmer of Jhenaidah and Gaibandha districts, having an average mean values of 40 and 10%, respectively. The result also demonstrated that the brinjal was the vegetables whose PHI was the lowest receiving highest toxic vegetable among all vegetables under consideration in this study. The green banana and green papaya proved to be non toxic vegetables among all vegetables. Fifty percent farmer followed the PHI 0-2 days of pesticide for brinjal those are highly toxic. No farmer used pesticide before at least one month of harvesting in case of green banana and green papaya. Though the lowest amount of highly toxic vegetables were harvested by the farmer of Gaibandha district, the overall vegetables those were harvested by the farmer of Satkhira district that was comparatively less toxic than the other districts. The farmers of this district harvested 20% non toxic and 13.33% slightly toxic vegetables. This study provides information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vegetable farmers in the eleven districts of Bangladesh regarding pesticide use. Survey responses indicate the widespread improper use of pesticide especially inadequate PHI that pose hazards to the human health and environment.

Keywords: Farmer response; Persistence toxicity; Vegetable harvesting; PHI; Pesticide

Location: Bogra, Joypurhut, Rangpur, Gaibandha, Jessore, Jhenaidah, Magura, Khulna, Satkhira, Kustia and Chuadangha

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Pesticide

Objectives:

The current research work was undertaken to evaluate the pre-harvest interval for pesticides on different vegetables in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Target areas and population The sample selection method was purposive random sampling technique (Tongco, 2007). There were eleven districts in Bangladesh selected purposively as the study area. Two to three villages were purposively selected from each district. Vegetables cultivators of these selected villages constituted the population farmers of the study. Thirty farmers were randomly selected from each selected district. Thus a total of 330 farmers constituted the sample farmers for the study. List of the vegetables with their local name, scientific name and family those were cultivated by the farmers of this research area. Data collection A questionnaire consisting of structured, semi-structured and unstructured items was designed based on published literature on the subject (Ngowi et al., 2007; Pervin et al., 2018) as well as experiences of the authors in the field. Data was collected through a farm survey by face to-face interviews with farmers during farming activities. The interview schedule containing direct questions with appropriate scales were prepared according to the objectives of the study. Each of the three draft schedules were pre-tested for necessary corrections, additions and adjustments before going for final data collection. Validity and reliability of some scales were properly determined. Identification and determination of chemical pesticides were done by asking direct questions to the respondents. The questionnaire was designed in English and translated into Bangla, the national language, which is understood by the majority of the farmers and pretested using small samples of farmers in the same areas before using it in this study. Data analysis Data regarding the number of farmer based on the waiting period for vegetable harvesting were collected and divided into four groups, viz. 0-2, 3-7, 8-15 and 15-30 days. Then the percentage of farmer based on the vegetable harvesting at different PHI of pesticide was calculated. Depending on the previous literature (Prodhan et al., 2018), the toxicity levels of the vegetables were categorized based on PHI of pesticide as 0-2 days = highly toxic, 3-7 days = moderately toxic, 8-14 days = slightly toxic, 15-30 days = non toxic. Data were subjected to two factorial (district/vegetable* waiting period, day) analyses of variances (ANOVA-2) without replication followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance for mean comparison by using SAS software (SAS Institute, 2001).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 16(3): 444–447, 2018 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i3.39415

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study provides information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vegetable farmers of eleven districts in northern and southern part of Bangladesh regarding PHI of pesticide. Survey responses indicate the widespread improper use of pesticides especially inadequate PHI of pesticide that pose hazards to the human health and environment. Most of the farmers of our country ignore potential threats to personal health and environmental contamination. Therefore, they appear to be unaware about the extent of pesticide residue levels on local food products or long-term health effects of pesticide residues on consumers. Further research is needed to investigate the amount of the residual toxicity of pesticides on different vegetables in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal