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Effect of Salt Stress on Growth of Sorghum Germplasms at Vegetative Stage

Ramen Chandra Roy
Department of Seed Science & Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Ashaduzzaman Sagar
Department of Crop Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Jannat-E-Tajkia
Department of Crop Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Abdur Razzak
Department of Crop Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A.K.M. Zakir Hossain
Department of Crop Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soil salinity is an increasing problem in the world and main obstacle to agricultural productivity especially in areas where irrigation is necessary. It adversely affects plant growth and development. Adoption of salt tolerant variety is more important here and so screening of salt tolerant germplasms is essential. For this reason, a germination test under salinity and a hydroponic experiment were conducted at Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the effect of NaCl on germination, morphological characters and growth of sorghum seedlings. The experiment comprised of two levels of NaCl concentration viz. Control (without NaCl and EC 1.36 dSm⁻¹ in hydroponic culture) and 80 mM NaCl and five sorghum germplasms viz. BD 700, BD 703, BD 707, BD 710 and BD 726. There were 10 (5×2) treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that germination percentage, hypocotyls and epicotyls length, root and shoot length, leaf length, leaf sheath length, fresh and dry mass production were influenced by NaCl stress. However, among tested germplasms, BD 707 showed the best performance considering the seedlings growth, germination percentage and other parameters. BD 710 and BD 703 showed the highest sensitivity to NaCl stress based on the above parameters studied. These results suggested that sorghum is able to grow with moderate salinity.

Keywords: Sorghum, Salinity, Hydroponics, Germination, Seedling

Location: Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sorghum

Objectives:

The study for identifying traits of saline tolerance is very scanty and the physiological mechanisms that mediate tolerance are poorly understood. So the present study is aimed at evaluating the effect of NaCl salinity on sorghum germplasms based on their germination and seedling growth.

Methodology:

A germination test using petri dish and a hydroponic experiment were conducted at Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh. Five germplasms of sorghum viz. BD 700, BD 703, BD 707, BD 710 and BD 726 collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) were used as experimental materials. In this research, petri dishes were used for germination experiment and plastic pots (8L) were used for hydroponics experiment. Cleaned and dried petri dishes were taken with filter papers. The black colored pots were taken with Hogland's full nutrient solutions and an aeration pump was attached for supplying oxygen to the nutrient medium. The two factorial experiments were laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Treatment combinations were five varieties and two levels of salt concentration. The germplasms of sorghum were imposed into two levels of salt stress viz. control (without NaCl) and salt stress (80mM NaCl). Each treatment was received equal amount of macro and micro nutrients. Thus, in this study 30 (5×2×3) pots were used. The individual pot size was 8L. All the experiments were conducted in a growth room at 25°C under a 12h light and 12h dark regime, 70% relative humidity and pH 6.5. The seeds were washed and soaked with distilled water and kept in refrigerator for 24 hrs. Fifteen imbibed seeds were placed for germination on filter papers in each petri dish and germinated seeds were placed in net with water for hydroponic experimental set up. One-week-old seedlings were transferred to continuously aerated nutrient solution (Hogland’s solution) in 8L plastic pot on Styrofoam blocks with 4 holes and three plants per hole, supported with sponge. In petri dish 2 ml NaCl solution of 80mM concentrations was given to the seeds and in hydroponics experiments salt concentration was incorporated directly. The composition of the nutrient solution was 500 µM NH₄NO₃, 500µM Ca(NO₃)2, 200µM MgSO₄, 100µM KH₂P0₄, 2µM FeC1₃, 11 µM H₂B0₃, 2µM MnC1₂, 0.35µM ZnC1₂, 0.2µM CuCl₂, 0.1 µM (NH₄)6 Mo₇0₄. After imposition of nutrient solution EC of the culture solution became 1.36 dSm⁻¹. Seed germination and growth were frequently observed and pH of the culture solutions was closely monitored at 6.5 and adjusted at two days interval. The nutrient solution was renewed with fresh nutrient solutions at 5 days interval. Data of hypocotyls length, epicotyls length and germination percentage were collected at 4, 6, and 8 DAS in germination experiment and root length, shoot length, leaf length, leaf sheath length, fresh weight and dry weight were collected at 10, 15 and 20 DAS in hydroponics experiment. Data were statistically analyzed for analyses of variance (ANOVA) using the M−STAT C software in accordance with the principles of Completely Randomized Design. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare variations among the treatments.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 16(1): 67–72, 2018 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/jbau.v16i1.36483

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present research work, it can be concluded that percent germination, hypocotyls and epicotyls length of all the varieties were reduced under increased salinity stress in germination experiment. There was also a significant effect of salinity on root and shoot length, leaf length, leaf sheath length, fresh and dry weight in hydroponics experiment. So, all the studied sorghum germplasms were variably affected in germination, growth and development of seedlings by 80 mM NaCl of salinity. In hydroponic culture, BD 707 was more tolerant at 80 mM NaCl of salinity than the other varieties in respect of growth

Knowledge Management: Journal