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Integration of Chemical and Manual Control Methods for Sustainable Weed Management in Inbred and Hybrid Rice

Fahima Sultana Popy
Weed Management Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Mominul Islam
Weed Management Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Parvez Anwar
Weed Management Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Herbicidal weed control is gaining popularity in the developing countries but its efficacy still remains unclear. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find out appropriate weed management practices for inbred and hybrid rice. The experiment comprised of inbred and hybrid varieties (two of each), and eight weed control treatments arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Hybrid varieties performed better in terms of yield attributes and yield than inbred varieties. The highest grain yield (5.3 t ha⁻¹) was obtained from the hybrid Agrodhan-12 and the lowest one (4.3 t ha⁻¹) was from inbred Binadhan-7. Weed free treatment resulted in the highest grain yield (6.1 t ha⁻¹) and the lowest one was with weedy treatment (1.96 t ha⁻¹). The highest grain yield was obtained from Agrodhan-12 in weed free condition (6.9 t ha^-1), while the lowest value was in inbred BRRI dhan49 under weedy condition (1.73 t ha⁻¹). Weed-free treatment and the treatments of Pretilachlor fb Penoxsolum, Pretilachlor fb hand weeding, and Pendimethalin fb hand weeding showed similar performances in reducing weed density and eventually resulted in similar and the highest grain yield. Based on these results it may conclude that Pretilachlor applied at 2 days after transplanting (DAT) fb Penoxsolum at 21 DAT is the best weed management option. But from sustainability viewpoint, Pretilachlor or Pendimethalin applied at 2 DAT along with one hand weeding at 35 DAT may be recommended for effective weed management in inbred and hybrid rice during monsoon season.

Keywords: Weed control, Herbicide, Manual weeding, IWM, Monsoon rice

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Weed management

Objectives:

Current study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of different pre- and post emergence herbicides with/without manual weeding in controlling weed and increasing yield performance of inbred and hybrid rice varieties in monsoon season.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (24°75' N latitude, 90°50' E longitude). The experimental area was characterized by non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil belonging to the Sonatola Soil Series under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (Agro-Ecological Zone 9) of Bangladesh (Islam et al., 2011). The experiment included two factors. Factor A comprising four rice varieties: two inbred (BRRI dhan49 and Binadhan-7) and two hybrids (Dhani gold and Agrodhan-12). Factor B comprising six different combinations of herbicides and hand weeding including season-long weed-free check and season-long weedy check. All herbicides were applied using 500 L water per hectare with a 2L hand sprayer. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The size of the unit plot was 4.0 m×2.5 m. For inbred varieties, the plots were fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP) and gypsum at the rate of 125, 81, 52 and 60 kg ha^–1, respectively (BRRI, 2015) and those for hybrids were 220, 123, 86 and 62 kg ha⁻¹, respectively (as recommended by Petrochem Agro Industries Ltd.). In both cases the whole amount of fertilizers except urea were applied as basal dose at the time of final land preparation. Urea was top dressed in three equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). In addition, hybrid varieties were top dressed with 10 kg ha^-1 zinc sulphate at 15 DAT (as recommended by Petrochem Agro Industries Ltd.). Seedlings were transplanted in the plots according to the layout @ 3 seedlings hill^-1 maintaining 25 × 15 cm spacing. Intercultural operations e.g., gap filling, irrigation and drainage was done as per requirement. Weed species grown in the experimental field were identified and the summed dominance ratio (SDR) was calculated as per Janiya and Moody (1989). The yield parameters and yield were collected and processed as per Ray et al. (2015). Analysis of variance was done with the help of computer package MSTAT-C. The mean differences among the treatments were performed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 15(2): 158–166, 2017 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/jbau.v15i2.35057

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Weed management has been a challenge in rice production. Manual weed control is environment friendly but not cost effective; herbicidal control, on the other hand, is highly efficient and cost effective but there is risk of environmental hazard and development of herbicide resistance in weeds. On the other hand, yield level of inbred rice reached the plateau, where hybrids have 15–30% yield advantage over inbred. In this situation, current study emphasized on finding out the most potential rice variety and an eco-friendly as well as efficient weed control methods to maximize rice yield in a sustainable way. Present study revealed that hybrid varieties gave higher yield performance than inbred ones. Season-long weed-free treatment and the treatments of Pretilachlor fb Penoxsolum or hand weeding and Pendimethalin fb with one hand weeding showed similar performances in reducing weed density and eventually resulted in similar and the highest grain yield. Therefore, from economic view point, Pretilachlor applied at 2 days after transplanting (DAT) fb Penoxsolum applied at 21 DAT is the best weed management option. But from sustainability view point, Pretilachlor or Pendimethalin applied at 2 DAT along with one hand weeding at 35 DAT may be recommended for effective weed management for inbred and hybrid rice during monsoon season.

Knowledge Management: Journal