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An Economic Study on Production and Marketing of Ducks in Haor Areas of Netrokona District

Mahmuda Zannat
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Sajia Sharmin
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Riffat Ara Zannat Tama
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Akteruzzaman
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Livestock subsector of poultry in Bangladesh is playing important role to its economy in light of growing small business, sources of protein supply, and providing a livelihood for millions of people. The study was designed to investigate the profitability of duck producing farms and marketing system of duck enterprise in haor areas of Netrokona district. In total, 50 farmers were selected. Farmers were divided into three categories (small, medium, large). The study shows that the average gross return from duck amounted to Tk. 47023 for small farms, medium farms gross return was Tk. 57580.82 and for large farms it was Tk. 57013.83. All farms average gross return was Tk. 53872.55. Annual net return for small farms from duck amounted to Tk. 19603, for the medium farm it was Tk. 23275 and Tk. 24275.16 for the large farms. Undiscounted BCR for small, medium and large farmers were 1.71, 1.68 and 1.74 respectively. The study also shows that, the marketing costs of paikers, wholesalers and retailers were Tk. 1920, Tk. 3019.41 and Tk. 2859.4 respectively. The corresponding net marketing margins were estimated at Tk. 833.33, Tk. 1173.66 and Tk. 938.6 per 100 ducks. This study identified some of the problems and constraints associated with production and marketing of duck which were- scarcity of feed, higher price of feed, higher transportation cost, lack of capital, lower price of ducks. Based on findings, recommendations were made for the improvement of this prominent duck farming sector.

Keywords: Duck farming, Production, Profitability, Marketing system, Haor area

Location: Atpara upazilla under Netrokona district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Non-commodity: Income generation

Objectives:

To formulate development policies regarding more effective duck farming in the country by using the information of this study.

Methodology:

The areas were selected from Atpara upazilla under Netrokona district. Primary data were collected from farmers of Robiargati, Ikarathia, Kailong and Shitarampur villages of Atpara upazilla. For the marketing information, three market places namely Teligati bazaar, Ovoipasha and Atpara market were selected for the present study. In the present study farmers were classified into three categories according to their farm size. The number of duck was below 250 categorized as small farm, 250-500 numbers of ducks in a farm classified as medium farm and above 500 ducks categorized as large farms. In the study area there were 24 small farms, 20 medium farms and 6 large farms as the given category. A stratified random sampling technique was followed in this study where 24 farmers were categorized as small farmer, 20 as medium farmers and 6 farmers were large farmers. In total 50 farms were selected for collecting necessary information of the study. Data were collected by the researcher herself in the month of March to June 2015 covering the year 2014-15.A set of final survey schedule was developed with necessary corrections and modifications. The data were collected from the selected duck farmers by conducting direct interviews through personal visit to the houses of the farmers. Before beginning of the interview a brief introduction about the purpose of the study was given to the respondents. Then the questions were asked in easy and understandable language and the information was recorded on the survey schedule. Tabular techniques were applied with the help of some statistical measures like the sum average, percentage, etc., to show the comparative performance of duck farming. Profitability analysis was done on the basis of variable cost, fixed cost, return etc. By using arithmetic means and percentages, different costs, gross margins, net profit and benefit cost ratio were calculated in a tabular form. Gross return is the money value of total gross output. In the present study, the total value of consumed and sold out ducks were taken into account as benefits of the farms at the existing market price of duck. In the present study, gross return was calculated as follow: Gross return, GR = ∑QP, Q = Total number of ducks produced per farm a year and P= Per unit price (Tk.) of duck. Gross margin was calculated by subtracting the total variable costs from the gross return, showed in the following equation. GM = GR-TVC, Where, GM = Gross margin; GR = Gross return; and TVC = Total variable cost. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) is a relative measure which is used to compare benefit per unit of cost. BCR was estimated as a ratio of gross returns to total costs. The formula of calculating BCR (undiscounted) is shown as below: Benefit cost ratio, (BCR) = Gross return/ Total cost.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2018 : 65-74

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the agrarian and largely subsistence economy of Bangladesh, poultry plays a crucial role in supplying nutritious food, generation of income and employment opportunities. There are altogether 411 haors comprising an area of about 8000 km² dispersed in Bangladesh. The haor had a historical duck rearing culture in household level (backyard). Availability of natural feed, plenty marshy land enhances the duck rearing in this area and the duck rearing is a profit oriented business for the haor areas farmers. The market intermediaries of duck farm carried out different marketing functions such as buying and selling, pricing, transportation, sorting, grading, market information etc. Marketing cost and margin play an important role for the improvement of a marketing system in the developing country. The duck farm owner faced various production and marketing problems in the study area. If proper remedial measures could be taken, duck rearing could be a viable commercial enterprise which in turn would play a vital role to overcome the problems of low income, unemployment, under nutrition and unfavorable balance of payment situation of the country. To overcome the difficulties of duck production and make the business more profitable in the study area, the following recommendations can be made-

The profit could possibly be increased, if feed supply is ensured at reasonable prices.
The concerned livestock officials of upazila should take more effective steps so that haor areas people can have a clear idea about the livestock services.
Adequate financial support to establish more hatcheries throughout the country should be provided.
Different short term training programmes on the basic management principles of duck farms as well as some fundamental disease control measures should be arranged by upazila livestock assistant so that farm owners can know more about the duck farm management.
Credit facility should be provided to the duck farm owners through banks or financial institutions on easy terms and condition.
The price of duck should be fixed at a reasonable level, duck marketing system and transportation facilities should be improved by the concerned authorities.

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