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Anthelmintic Resistance to Cattle Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Selected Dairy Farms of Mymensingh and Sirajganj Districts of Bangladesh

TM Mahibur Rahman
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Anita Rani Dey
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Saiful Islam
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Shahadat Hossain
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Hasanuzzaman Talukder
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Zahangir Alam
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Anthelmintic resistance (AR) to commonly used dewormers is one of the major world-wide constrain in livestock production. The present study was investigated the status of AR in BAU dairy farm, Mymensingh and Talukder dairy farm, Sirajganj. Faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was applied to assess AR in cattle of two dairy farms during January to June 2017. The anthelmintics tested were Albendazole (ABZ), a benzimidazole anthelmintic (Almex®, Square Ltd.) and Ivermectin (IVM) (Vermic®, Techno drugs Ltd.), administered at the doses recommended by the manufacturers. In each farm, cattle were divided into treatment and control (not treated) group based on faecal egg counts (FEC), that is at least 200 eggs/g. At 14 days after treatment, faecal samples were collected for post-treatment FEC, which is compared between treatment and control group. Resistance was defined if there was <95% reduction, with lower 95% confidence limit (CL) <90% in the FEC. AR was present in both the dairy farms involved in this study. The FECRT using ABZ revealed 79.7% (95% CL 87.9, 65.8) reduction and 95.8% (95% CL 98.7, 87.1) reduction of FEC in BAU and Talukder dairy farms, respectively. Also, FECRT using IVM revealed 77.9% (95% CL 97.7, 85.5) and 94.2% (95% CL 97.7, 85.5) reduction of FEC in BAU and Talukder dairy farms, respectively. Our study suggest that AR is present in both selected dairy farms and further extensive studies are required to determine the extent of AR in different cattle farms of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Anthelmintic resistance, Albendazole, Ivermectin, Cattle

Location: Mymensingh and Sirajganj Districts of Bangladesh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2017

End Date: 00-06-2017

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To investigate AR to GI nematodes in cattle, and, also to study of safe therapeutic use of anthelmintics against parasitic infestation.

Methodology:

Faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of each animal in pre-labelled vials containing 10% formalin at the first farm visit. The samples were processed in the laboratory of Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, within 24 h after faecal sample collection and examined by using a modified McMaster technique. The study followed the recommendations of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) (Coles et al. 1992, 2006). On day 0, Cattle with faecal egg counts (FEC) >200 eggs per gram (EPG) of feces were randomly distributed into 3 treatment (1-3) groups and 1 control (untreated) group. Group-1 was treated with Albendazole, Group-2 was treated with Ivermectin and Group-3 was untreated (Control). The anthelmintics tested were Albendazole (ABZ), a benzimidazole anthelmintic (Almex- Vet®, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) and Ivermectin (IVM) (Vermic®, Techno Drugs Ltd.), administered at the doses recommended by the manufacturers. At 14 days post-treatment, faecal samples were collected for determining the FEC for calculating the faecal egg count reduction (FECR). Pre-treatment and post-treatment arithmetic mean of FEC was used to calculate the FECR % using the following formula: FECR % = 100 (1−x_t / x_c), where x_t represents arithmetic mean of FEC of treatment group and x_c represents arithmetic mean of FEC of control group. Resistance was defined if there was <95% reduction, with lower 95% confidence limit (CL) <90% in the FEC. If only one of the two criteria was met out, the resistance was classed as suspected, but if, both criteria were positive, then it strongly indicates the presence of AR (Coles et al. 1992).

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2018 : 87-92.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Constant monitoring for anthelmintic resistance is essential both on organized and unorganized farms to determine the effectiveness of anthelmintics before their use, where resistance has not already emerged. Molecular study is also an effective technique for the detection of anthelmintic resistance to GI nematodes in ruminant. Therefore, resistance of anthelmintics against GI nematodes in cattle needs to be assessed throughout the Bangladesh to maintain the efficacy of anthelmintics and to identify risk factors for the development of AR.

Knowledge Management: Journal