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Efficacy of Leaf Extracts of Some Indigenous Plants in Controlling Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides(penz.)-dieback Disease of Tea

M.S. Islam
SSO
Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar

M. A Alim
CSO
Pest Management Department, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar

M. Ahmed
Director,
Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar

M.M.R. Akonda
SO
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar

R.M. Himel
SO
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The efficacy of leaf extract of Arjun (Terminalia arjuna), Bashok (Adhatoda vasica), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Bishkatali (Polygonum barbatum) and Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides-a pathogenic fungi of tea were studied. In-vitro and in-vivo studies were carried out during 2011 to August 2015 at Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI). Leaves of tested plants were collected locally and extracts were obtained through water extraction method. The pathogen was isolated on PDA and growth inhibition was tested with these extracts @ 1, 1.5 and 2% by using poisoned food technique. On the basis of in-vitro result, the extracts were applied in the field @ 2%. In laboratory condition, less than 50% efficacy was found for 1 and 1.5% of all extracts except Adhatoda vasica (>80%) and more than 50% efficacy was found for 2% for the same. In field condition, minimum disease development regarding lesion size both in 7 DAS (3.43%) and 15 DAS (6.91%) were observed in Adhatoda vasica treated tea shoots. Maximum disease development (77.77%) was found in untreated control. Lesion size was found to be increased by less than 50% up to 7 DAS for all the treatments, while it was exceeding 50% and reached 66.06% in Polygonum barbatum treated tea shoots upto 15 DAS. On the other hand, lowest disease index (19.99) and 86.66% growth inhibition of the pathogen after 15 DAS were also observed in Adhatoda vasica treated tea shoots. From the results of the study it was found that the leaf extract of Bashok (Adhatoda vasica) @2% can be used as a bio fungicide to control Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) causing dieback disease in tea.

Keywords: Leaf extracts, Dieback disease, Tea

Location: At Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI), Srimangal

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tea, Diseases

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to investigate the suitable plant extracts and their concentrations for controlling Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and to determine the antifungal activity of crude extracts of Terminalia arjuna (Arjun), Adhatoda vasica (Bashok), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Polygonum barbatum (Bishkatali) and Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of tea.

Methodology:

Both Invitro and invivo studies were carried out during 2011 to 2015 at Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI), Srimangal. Invitro study was performed at Plant Pathology laboratory and invivo study at Nucleus Clone Plots (NCP) and nursery of main field of BTRI. Isolation of Pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) was isolated from infected shoots of tea plants by using potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The fungus was purified by single spore isolation technique and identified on the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics. Plant extract preparation A total of five plants like Arjun (Terminalia arjuna), Bashok (Adhatoda vasica), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Bishkatali (Polygonum barbatum) and Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) were used in the study. The leaves of these plants were collected locally and cleaned properly. Stock solution of all the plant species were prepared by soaking the crushed plant leaves in sterilized water for 24h at room temperature. The solution was sieved by passing through three layer of muslin cloth. The concentrations of 1, 1.5 and 2% were prepared by adding appropriate quantity of sterile distilled water into the stock solution. Invitro study For bioassay, 5ml of extract was mixed with 20ml/ platesterile PDA medium. The without plant extract medium was served as control. For each treatment five replications were maintained. These plates were inoculated with 5 mm disc of freshly grown cultures of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and incubated at room temperature (28±1°C). Observation for antifungal activity was recorded 72 hours after incubation. Fungal growth inhibition was calculated as average of the growth diameter in each treatment relative to its growth in control. On the basis of the invitro study, the invivo study was executed only with 2% concentration. The extract solution was applied on the dieback infected tea shoots. Disease progress was recorded by measuring lesion size on the shoots. After application of the extract, inocula of the tea shoots were also plated with PDA media. Observation for antifungal activity was recorded 72 hours after incubation. Fungal growth inhibition was calculated as average of the growth diameter in each treatment relative to its growth in control. For each treatment five replications were maintained. Data analysis Finally collected data were analysed statistically by using MSTAT and SPSS programme.

Source of Information: Tea J. Bangladesh, 44: 20-24, 2015 ISSN: 0253-5483

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results of the study it can be concluded that the leaf extract of Bashok (Adhatoda vasica) @ 2% can be used as a bio fungicide to control Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) causing dieback disease in tea.

Knowledge Management: Journal