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Dairy Buffalo Production System Under Semi-intensive Management in the Coastal Area of Bangladesh

S.M.R. Rahman*
Department of Dairy Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.N. Islam
Department of Dairy Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.H. Rashid
Department of Dairy Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.S.R. Siddiki
Department of Dairy Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.A. Islam
Department of Dairy Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to evaluate the present status of production system of dairy buffalo under semi-intensive management in coastal area of Bangladesh. The data were collected during farm visit and recorded in prepared questionnaire and check list. The findings of the study revealed that very minimum housing facilities were provided to the buffaloes. Both the grazing and confinement time were found similar (around 6 hrs in a day) and they spent almost 3 hrs in a day for wallowing. The majority of the lactating buffaloes were not being adequately fed. Farmers usually supplied local grass (4.98±2.89 kg DM/day) and rice straw (10.90 ±2.85 kg DM/day) with one or two concentrate feed separately as supplement (1.51±0.80 kg DM/day). The daily average DCP and TDN supply were 0.365 and 6.417 kg/d respectively which were under supplied as compared to standard requirement. The productive and reproductive performance of indigenous dairy buffalo was not similar to high producing dairy buffaloes. The average lactation yields (litre/lactation) were found as 469.52±163.71. The EC value (2.73±3.53) of milk indicated as healthy milk production. Milk consumption pattern (8%) was not satisfactory. Milk market was volatile. Natural breeding (95.7%) was more prominent practice than artificial insemination (AI) (4.3%). The most of the buffalo cows showed heat from early night to early morning (22.2-54.2%). Technology adaptation for buffalo rearing was very much poor. Technology adaptation index for the use of concentrate feed, artificial insemination, de-worming and vitamin-mineral premix were 16.34, 13.46, 23.07 and 6.25 respectively. It therefore be concluded that technological transformation could be boost up to national milk production by developing of the management precise of dairy buffalo under semi intensive system in Bangladesh. Keywords

Keywords: Dairy buffalo, Semi-intensive, Management practice, Coastal area, Technology

Location: Vhalu Miar Char, Sub-district: Bhola sadar, District: Bhola (AEZ18, coastal area), Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-01-2017

End Date: 00-07-2017

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Buffalo

Objectives:

The present study was designed to investigate the existing management system along with reproduction and production characteristics of dairy buffalo in Bhola district of Bangladesh under semi-intensive system.

Methodology:

Location of study areas The study area was Vhalu Miar Char, Sub-district: Bhola sadar, District: Bhola (AEZ18, coastal area), Bangladesh. This is a coastal area of Bangladesh having high buffalo concentration (10.1-32.3 buffaloes/1000 people. Under the Köppen Climate Classification, Bhola is under Tropical Monsoon Climate (Wikipedia, 2017). Farmer selection Buffalo farmers were randomly selected from three villages. Farmers had at least one milking buffalo with calf and reared buffalo under semi-intensive management system. Farm visit, farm observation, secondary review, community discussion were held in the from January to July 2017. Preparation of questioner Structured questionnaire was developed according to variable of the objectives. Variables like productive and reproductive performances, feeding and management practices with related problem for buffalo farming were considered. The questionnaire was pre-tested in the selected area. The preliminary schedule was edited on the basis of experience gained in pre-testing and then the questionnaire was finalized. The schedule contains both open and closed-ended question. Data collection Qualitative and quantitative information were collected from semi-intensive farm. Data were collected directly from 30 farms by the experience enumerators. Researcher monitored the enumerators and support as required by direct visit and mobile communication. Moreover, more than 40 milking buffalo farmers were directly contacted by the researcher for validation of the information. Discussion was also conducted with the cowboys (hired labours) who are responsible for the care and management of the buffalo and the farm as a whole, to confirm and recheck the information that were collected from the household buffalo farms which fulfill the triangulation methods. Period of Study Farm visit, farm observation, secondary review, community discussion were held in the period of six moths which was from January to July 2017. Sample collection and analysis Information regarding the amount and types of feeds and fodders being offered randomly to thirty the lactating buffaloes. The quantity of dry matter (DM), digestible crud protein (DCP) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) available to dairy buffaloes were calculated from the records of feeds and fodder using value as given by Kearl (1982) and Feedipidia.org (2018). Their requirements for DCP and TDN were worked out according to Kearl (1982). During this visit, 15 individual milk samples (50 ml/sample) were also collected from study area. The milk samples were immediately placed in a home freezer, transported in a cool box and again placed in a regular freezer in the Dairy Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh until further analyses. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, SNF, ash content and Electric Conductivity (EC) by automilk analyzer (Lactoscan, Ultrasonic Milk Analyzer; Model MIA-SLP-60, S/N70148; MILKOTONIC Ltd., Bulgaria 6000. Stara zagora). Data Analysis After collecting data from field, these were edited and coded. The data was then transfer to MS Excel 2007 for processing and summarizing. The tabular technique mainly used to analyze the data and derived meaningful finding by using simple statistical measures like mean, percentage and ratio by using SPSS16 version.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 16(2): 43-59 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v16i2.40257

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The productive and reproductive performance of indigenous dairy buffalo was not better to high producing dairy buffalo’s. Scientific management and improved breeding system could minimize this situation. Optimum use of feed resources and their treatment whenever needed becomes evident from the present study. Improved adaptation level of technologies would be ensured by creating public awareness and by providing door-step service to the buffalo farmers. It is therefore, can be concluded that technological transformation is important to boost up of the productivity of the dairy buffaloes under semi-intensive system.

Knowledge Management: Journal