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Performance of Lentil-mungbean-t. Aus Rice- T. Aman Rice Against Existing Cropping Pattern Lentil-jute-t.aman Rice in Faridpur Region

S Ahmed
Senior Scientific Officer
On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Faridpur, Bangladesh

AFMR Quddus
Scientific Officer
On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Faridpur, Bangladesh

M Mohiuddin
Principal Scientific Officer
On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Faridpur, Bangladesh

MR Islam
Chief Scientific Officer
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Gazipur.

MA Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Gazipur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Damping-off (Pythium aphanidermatum) is a soil-borne disease which accounts for seedling mortality and significant yield losses in tomato production. Laboratory and screenhouse experiments were conducted in 2017, with a repeated field trial in 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of combining three biological control agents (BCAs), Trichodermaviride, T. harzianum and Bacillus subtilis with Allium sativumextract for the integrated management of the disease in tomato crop. Treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design and randomized complete block design in the screenhouse and field experiments, respectively with eighteen treatments and three replications. The BCAs and extract were formulated and applied using seed treatment and soil sprinkling methods. Treatment combinations of BCAs with A. sativum were more effective in the reduction of mycelial growth of the pathogen with inhibitory values that ranged between 77.6-91.2% than single inoculation. Seed treatment before planting was more effective than soil sprinkle method, reducing pre-emergence and damping-off incidence to between 6.8-18.3% and 9.7-26.3% under screenhouse and field conditions, respectively than the sprinkling method. Soil sprinkle with T. harzianumin combination with A. sativumextract had the highest cumulative tomato fruit yield of 902 kg/ha^-1under field conditions. This study showed that combined application of BCAs and A. sativumextract reduced damping-off disease and thereby improved the fruit yield of tomato.

Keywords: Four crops based pattern, Cropping intensity, Production efficiency, Rice equivalent yield, Damping-off, Mungbean, Lentil

Location: FSRD site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Mungbean, Jute

Objectives:

To find out the performance of the alternative cropping pattern with a view to increase cropping intensity and total productivity as well as farmers’ income.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in farmers’ field at FSRD site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during two consecutive years (2014-15 and 2015-16) to develop an alternate cropping pattern to increase cropping intensity and productivity against the existing cropping Lentil-Jute-T.Aman rice. The experimental field belongs to the agro-ecological zone of Low Ganges River Floodplain Soil (AEZ#12). The initial soil of the experimental plots was clay loam in texture with average organic matter content 1.26% and pH 7.6 (slightly alkaline). The total nitrogen content was 0.07% (very low) and K content was 0.39 meq/100 g soil (high). Available P and S were 33.5µg/g soil (high) and 15.2 µg/g soil (medium), respectively. The average maximum temperature of two experimental years was 34.620C (recorded in the month of April) and that of minimum was 12.480 C (recorded in the month of January); while the average maximum total rainfall was 518.30 mm (in July) and minimum was 2.85 mm (in January) during the study period. No rainfall occurred during the period of November. The alternate cropping pattern Lentil (var. BARI Masur-7)- Mungbean (var. BARI Mung-6)- T.Aus rice (var. BRRI dhan48)- T.Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan62) was tested against the existing cropping pattern Lentil (var. Local)- Jute (var. JRO 524)- T.Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan33). The trial was conducted in five selected farmers’ field, considering each farmer as a replication (dispersed). The four crops of alternate pattern were grown in lands near to lands having existing cropping pattern following the time frame. The stipulated time frame for alternate and existing cropping pattern. Lentil: Lentil var. BARI Masur-7 was used in the cropping pattern of Lentil- Mungbean-T. Aus rice and T.Aman rice where fertilizers were used at the rate of 24-32-22-9-2-1 kg ha^-1 N-P-K-S-Zn-B in the field. All the fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. The seeds were sown on 31 October to 6 November in 2014 and 5-6 November in 2015. One hand weeding was done at 25 to 29 days after sowing (DAS) for uprooting of weeds mainly Shiyal Kata (Argemone Mexicana). Pre-sowing irrigation was done for bringing optimum joe condition in each year. The fungicide, Rovral @ 2 g lit^-1 water at 82 to 96 DAS was sprayed to control Stemphylium blight. The crop was harvested at 114 to 118 DAS (26 -28 Feb) in 2015 and 115-116 DAS (March 1-2) in 2016. Mungbean: Mungbean var. BARI Mung-6 was used in the alternate cropping pattern of Lentil-Mungbean-T. Aus rice and T.Aman rice where fertilizers were used at the rate of 24-32-22-9-2-0 kg ha^-1 N-P-K-S-Zn-B. All the fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. The seeds were sown on 5 to 6 March in 2015 and 6-7 March in 2016. One hand weeding at 20 to 25 DAS was done. Pre sowing irrigation was applied for bringing optimum joe condition. Only one picking of BARI Mung- 6 was done on 8-9 May 2015 (64 DAS) but 18-19 May in 2016 (71 DAS). After harvest mungbean plants were incorporated with the soil. T. Aus rice: T. Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48 was used in the alternate cropping pattern of Lentil-Mungbean-T. Aus rice and T.Aman rice with fertilizer dose of 80-20-20-8-1-0 kg ha^-1 N-P-K-S-Zn-B. All of phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and zinc was applied as broadcast and incorporated during final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in two equal splits as top dress at 10-15 and 30-35 DAT (days after transplanting). Twenty two days old seedlings were transplanted on 16-17 May, 2015 (21-22 days left) due to delay sowing of seeds in seedbed and 25 days old seedlings were transplanted for second cycle in 2016. T. Aman rice: T.Aman rice var. BRRI dhan62 was used for T.Aman rice - the fourth crop of the cropping pattern Lentil-Mungbean-T. Aus rice and T.Aman rice. About 25-26 days old seedlings were transplanted in both 2015 and 2016 due to delay in harvesting of T.Aus rice. Fertilizers were used at the rate of 80- 15-35-8-1-0 kg ha^-1 N-P-K-S-Zn-B in the field. All of phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and zinc was applied as broadcast and incorporated during final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in three equal splits. The first one-third was applied immediately after seedling establishment stage (7-10 DAT), second top dress at rapid tillering stage (28-30 DAT) and third one was applied at panicle initiation stage (43-46 DAT). One weeding was done by spraying weedicide (Changer) at 7-8 DAT. Irrigation was done twice in both the years. The integrated pest management (Perching, light trap, etc.) approach was used along with insecticide (Regent, Virtako, etc.) to control the pest. BRRI dhan62 was harvested on 26-27 October, 2015, (100 to 101 seed to seed) for both years irrespective of farmers. Rice Equivalent Yield (REY): For comparison between crop sequences, the yield of every crop was converted into rice equivalent on the basis of prevailing market price of individual crop (Verma and Modgal, 1983). Rice equivalent yield (REY) was computed as yield of individual crop multiplied by market price of that crop divided by market price of rice. The nutrient uptake by different crops in both alternate and existing pattern was calculated according to Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG, 2012).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 537-552, September 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i3.43484

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results, alternate cropping pattern (Lentil-Mungbean-T.Aus rice- T.Aman rice) was found agronomically viable in terms of REY and production efficiency. Besides, MBCR from the alternate cropping pattern showed the pattern economically viable. On an average, 340 days required to complete the one cycle of the alternate cropping pattern with turn around time of 25 days only. So, more efforts should be given in labour management, timely supply of inputs and land preparation. In this alternate cropping pattern, two pulse crops (Mungbean and lentil) could be fitted in the rice based pattern to increase the pulse production as well as enhance soil fertility.

Knowledge Management: Journal