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Economics of Black Gram Cultivation and Its Impact on Farmers Livelihood on Two Selected Districts of Bangladesh

M. Mohiuddin*
Agricultural Research Sub-station, OFRD, BARI, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh

N. Akter
On-Farm Research Division, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

R. Khanum
Department of Agricultural Economics and Policy, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study is an attempt to assess the existing agronomic practices of black gram cultivation, its impact on farmers livelihood and constraints of black gram production and marketing. Primary data from 85 farmers were collected during February to March 2016 through face to face interviews. Descriptive statistics and Garret ranking method were used to analyze the data. The majority of the farmers had sown seeds during the last week of September to first week of October. The average seed rate was found to be 19.36 kg per hectare which indicated that all farm households used below recommended dose of seeds (35-40 kg/ha). The average yield of black gram was found higher than the national average. The average net income was observed to be Tk. 26990 and Tk. 19845 in Sherpur and Jamalpur respectively. The average gross margin was observed to be Tk. 37629 on total variable cost basis. It was also found that average returns to labour was Tk. 1000/man-day in Sherpur and Tk. 692/man-day in Jamalpur district respectively. It was also observed that all kinds of livelihood assets of the selected farmers increased significantly through black gram farming. The results revealed that the main constraints faced by black gram grower were lack of irrigation facility, non availability of HYV seeds, low output price, labour scarcity, lack of knowledge about improved varieties with their production technology, excessive rainfall after flowering and weak research-extension farmers linkage etc. Farmers also faced some marketing related problems such as limited buyers, price instability, lack of storage facilities and high market toll. Farmers cultivated black gram because of higher yield, higher income, and easy growing. Keywords

Keywords: Black gram, Garret method, Farmers livelihood

Location: Upazila in Sherpur and Jamalpur district

Start Date: 00-02-2016

End Date: 00-03-2016

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Impact, Income generation

Objectives:

The present study has been undertaken to know the economy of black gram cultivation and its impact on farmers livelihood in Jamalpur and Sherpur districts.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted in purposively selected two black gram cultivated upazila in Sherpur and Jamalpur district on the basis of maximum area under this crop. Simple random sampling techniques was followed to select the sample size. At first, in each district one upazila (Nakla upazila of Sherpur and Jamalpur sadar upazila of Jamalpur) and from each upazila two char villages were selected based on intensive black gram producing areas in consultation with upazila agricultural officer and Sub Assistant Agricultural Officer to collect primary data and information. Then, a list of all black gram growers in each selected villages was prepared and finally, a total of 85 farmers taking 40 from Sherpur and 45 from Jamalpur district was randomly selected. Primary data were collected by using a predesigned and pre-tested questionnaire in February-March, 2016. The impact on livelihoods was measured through finding comparative position of physical, social, financial, human and natural assets of the farmers before and after adoption of the intervention. The collected data was coded, edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objective. Constraint analysis The Garrett's Ranking Technique (Mahesh, 2000) was used to rank the constraints for both production and marketing of black gram. As per this method, respondents have been asked to assign the rank for all factors and the outcome of such ranking has been converted into score value with the help of the following formula: % position = 100(Rij - 0.50)/Nj Where, Rij = Rank given for ith factor by jth individual Nj = Number of factors ranked by jth individual The % position of each rank thus obtained was converted into scores by referring to the table given by Garrett. Then for each factor, the scores of each individual are added and then total value of scores and mean values of score is calculated. The factors having highest mean value is considered to be the most important factor. ctives of the study. Labour use efficiency was measured to see the rate of return from labour employed by using the following formula as Huq et al., (1998).

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 16(2): 83-96 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v16i2.40261

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Black gram provided high return to investment. This crop is gaining popularity in the study areas very quickly due to its high yield potential. Appropriate level of input use and time of operation is important for achieving higher yield and profits, but the technology employed by the farmers were not at the level of recommendation. A good opinion came out from the sample farmers in the study areas that higher yield and income encouraged them for continuing black gram cultivation.

Knowledge Management: Journal