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Evaluation of Salt Tolerant Mungbean (vigna Radiata L.) Genotypes on Growth Through Bio-molecular Approaches

MM Rohman
Molecular Breeding Lab, Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

I Ahmed
Molecular Biology Lab, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

MR Molla
Molecular Biology Lab, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

MA Hossain
Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M Amiruzzaman
Molecular Breeding Lab, Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to obtain saline tolerant mungbean genotypes through evaluating growth, biochemical and molecular parameters, and possible salt tolerant mechanisms were studied in different salt sensitive genotypes. Thirteen prescreened mungbean genotypes were grown on 0, 40, 80 and 120 mMNaCl induced salinity and evaluated by germination percentage, shoot and root length, superoxide (O₂^•-) generation rate, concentration of H₂O₂, lipid peroxidation (as malondialdehyde, MDA), methylglyoxal (MG), K⁺/Na⁺ and proline content in leaves. Based on these parameters, genotypes BD-10588, BD-6894 and IR-01 were selected as tolerant genotypes. For studying oxidative stress tolerance mechanism, BD-10588 and IR-01 were used as tolerant and BD-6887 and BD-10741 as susceptible genotypes, and comparative ROS (O₂^•- and H₂O₂), and MDA as well as LOX activity between the two groups were determined. Analysis of activities of ROS metabolizing antioxidant enzymes strongly suggested that superoxide dismutase in tolerant genotypes provided first line protection from salt induced O₂•-. Higher catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) played major role in H₂O₂ metabolism in tolerant genotypes. Both specific and in-gel activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) strongly proved the H₂O₂ metabolism for reducing oxidative damage in both tolerant and susceptible genotypes. However, higher peroxidase activity was important for mitigating salt stress in susceptible mungbean genotypes. Therefore, SOD, APX and GPX are very important for protecting salt mediated oxidative damage in mungbean genotype.

Keywords: Salinity, Bio-molecular approach, Mungbean, Oxidative stress

Location: Molecular Biology lab, PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To obtain salt tolerant genotypes as well as to study oxidative stress tolerance in mungbean seedlings.

Methodology:

Evaluation of mungbean genotypes through germination and growth parameters- For screening of mungbean accessions, the laboratory experiment was conducted in the Molecular Biology lab, PGRC, BARI, Gazipur. In this study 13 germplasm preselected from 91 were used. The laboratory experiment was made to screen best performing accessions against salinity tolerance of mungbean at germination and seedling growth stage under room temperature using procedures followed by Taffouo et al. (2009). In order to investigate the response of mungbean accessions to different concentrations of NaCl solution (0, 50, 80 and 120 mM NaCl) were used. Glass petridishes (10 cm diameter) were thoroughly washed and sterilized in hot air oven. After sterilization, petridishes were lined with Whatman No.1 filter paper. Ten ml of distilled water as a control and salt solutions [50, 80 and 120 mM NaCl (Laboratory grade)] were added in to separate petridishes. Ten uniform seeds of each mungbean accession were placed in each Petri dish (five petridishes per genotypes per treatment) at uniform distances. Each petridish was filled with 10 ml of the respective treatment solution of NaCl on alternate days. The petridishes were put in a hood to avoid the loss of moisture through evaporation. Germination was started after three days of sowing, and a seed was considered to have germinated when the lengths of the emerging plumule and radicle were about 0.5 cm. Seeds were checked for germination every other day and the germination count was continued for 10 days. After 10 days, growth parameters like germination percentage, seedling shoot and root length were measured. Proline was measured according to Bates et al. (1973) based on proline's reaction with ninhydrin. Different biochemical parameters as selection criteria were measured at Molecular Breeding Lab, Plant Breeding Division, BARI. Thirteen accessions screened from germination test were grown in petridishes and one-week old seedlings were subjected to NaCl induced salinity of 0, 40 and 80 mM for one week and data were taken on different parameters from leaves. For comparative oxidative stress, two relative tolerant genotypes (BD-10588 and IR-01) and two susceptible genotypes (BD-6887 and BD-10741) were grown again and after germination, salinity of 0 and 80 mM were imposed for one week. After one week, data were taken from leaves. All data obtained was analyzed by STATISTIX 10 program following complete randomized design (CRD) with at least three replications. The mean differences among the treatments were compared by least significant (LSD) tests. P value of ≤0.05 was considered to be significant.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 469-492, September 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i3.43479

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering growth, biochemical and molecular parameters, genotypes, BD- 10588, BD-6894 and IR-01 were selected as tolerant genotypes. Higher SOD, CAT and APX activities played major role in O2 •- and H₂O₂ metabolism as well as lower MDA production in tolerant genotypes. On the other hand, GPX was equally important for both tolerant and susceptible genotypes while POD played better role in susceptible genotypes. Through in-gel activity analysis, we provide strong evidence of salt mediated oxidative stress mitigation through in- gel activity of enzymes. As GPX had equal role in both tolerant and susceptible genotypes, both GPX1 and GPX2 can further be investigated through biotechnological and molecular approaches to obtain detailed roles in mungbean.

Knowledge Management: Journal