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On-farm Yield Performance of Improved Varieties of Vegetables in Sylhet Region

M.I. Nazrul*
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of five separate field trials were conducted at farm farmers’ field in Sylhet area during three consecutive crops seasons of 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17, respectively to evaluate the yield performance of improved varieties with the existing cultivars of five vegetables at farmers' field. Each experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. The unit plot size was 5m x 8m.The results showed that improved variety of tomato (var. BARI Tomato-14) produced higher average fruit (55.60 t ha^-1) yield with the yield increase of 16.93% over control. In case of country bean, the local variety Goalgadda performed better and produced higher green pod yield (14.31 t ha^-1) compared to that of BARI Sheem-6. The brinjal variety BARI Bt Begun-2 was the best yielder with an average fruit yield of 25.62 t ha^-1 i.e. 107.62% increase over non-Bt as check. In case of yield trial with Capsicum, locally grown cultivar California Wonder performed better and produced comparatively higher yield (14.02 t ha^-1) than var. BARI Mistimorich-1. In case of summer hyacinth bean viz., BARI Sheem-7 gave higher pod yield of 14.96 t ha^-1 compared to that of the check variety (11.41 t ha^-1) in researcher-managed trial.

Keywords: Country bean, Summer hyacinth bean, Capsicum, Tomato, Bt begun, Acidic soil

Location: At farmers’ field in Sylhet area

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Vegetables

Objectives:

To evaluate the yield performance of improved varieties of five vegetables with their existing cultivars at farmers' field in Sylhet region.

Methodology:

A total of five separate field trials were conducted at farmers’ field in Sylhet area for the three consecutive crops seasons of 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17 to evaluate the yield performance of improved varieties with the existing cultivars of five vegetables. The study area lies at 24⁰70' N latitude and 91⁰67' E longitude under the Surma Kushiyara Floodplain of Bangladesh. The soil of experimental plots was noncalcareous gray with low organic matter content (1.23%), low soil pH (4.5-5.3), very low total N (0.06%), low content of P (9.46), K (0.13) and S (10.07) where as Zn (1.13) and Boron (0.51) medium and optimum; respectively. Each experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. The unit plot size was 5m x 8m. The monthly average, maximum and minimum temperature of the experimental site are indicated in figure 1. The climatic data of Sylhet shows that the mean annual minimum temperature is11.55⁰C and the mean annual maximum temperature is 34.23⁰C and the annual mean temperature nearly is 17.54⁰C. As indicated, rainfall of the area is uni-modal, usually occurring during April to October, and total annual rainfall reached to 4217 mm; whereas in December no rain at all and the lowest amount of rainfall occurred in January followed by February. However, during rest of the months, total rainfall was ranged from 100 to just below 800 mm. Rainfall increased gradually from the month of May and continued up to September. Tomato Two improved tomato varieties viz. BARI Tomato-14 and BARI Tomato-15 were tested with locally popular hybrid variety Raja, seeds was purchased from local market. The crop was fertilized with 151-58-52-23-0.5 kg ha^-1 of NPKSZn (FRG, 2012) and cow dung at 5 t ha^-1. Half of cow dung and P &entire amount of S and Zn were applied during final land preparation. The remaining half of cow dung and P was applied to the pits before a week of planting. N and K were applied in 3 equal installments at 21, 35 and 50 days after seedling transplanting. Thirty days old seedlings were planted during 25-30 November with a spacing of 60 cm x 40 cm. Fruits were harvested during 20 January to 20 March in each year. Three irrigations at 25 days interval from the transplanting of seedlings; one weeding at 20 DAP; two sprays of Score fungicide @ 1.5m l^-1 for controlling late blight disease and all other intercultural activities were carried out as and when needed. Country bean Two varieties of country bean viz. BARI Sheem-6 and local check (Goalgadda) were evaluated. The trial was laid out in RCB design with four dispersed replications. The unit plot size was 5 m x 8 m. The pit was prepared at a spacing of 1.5 m × 1.5 m. The fertilizers were used @ 28-40-75-12-2-1kg ha^-1 of NPKSZnB and cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 was used. Half of the quantity of cow dung was applied during final land preparation. The remaining half of the cow dung, the entire amount of P, Zn and B and half of N and K were applied during pit preparation. The rest of N and K were applied as top dressing at 30 days after planting. Intercultural operations like watering, stalking, preparation of trellis were done as and when necessary for each dispersed replications. Seeds were sown during 25-29 August and harvesting started from third week of November and continued up to first week of March in each year. Brinjal Two Bt brinjal varieties viz. BARI Bt Begun-1 and BARI Bt Begun-2 against non-Bt counterparts viz. BARI Begun-1 and BARI Begun-4 was evaluated. One row of non Bt counterpart of each variety was planted as border crops. The unit plot size was 20 m × 20 m for each Bt Begun variety with spacing of 100 cm × 80 cm. Stable bleaching powder @ 25 kg ha^-1 was applied 20 days before transplanting as a preventive measure against bacterial wilt. Thirty days old seedlings were planted during 17-22 November and fruits were harvested from 19 February to 25 April in each year. NPKSBZn @ 138-40-100-18-1.7-3.6 kg ha^-1 of and cow dung 10 t ha-1 were used. One third MoP and rest of the fertilizers except urea were applied during final land preparation. Remaining two-third of MoP was divided into three splits and applied at 20 DAP, at flowering and fruiting stage. Urea was applied in four equal installments at 20 DAP, at flowering and two times at fruiting stage. Plant protection measures and other intercultural operations were taken as a when necessary as per recommendation. Capsicum The capsicum var. BARI Mistimorich-1 was evaluated with locally popular cultivated hybrid variety California Wonder; seeds were purchased from local market. Thirty 30 days old seedlings of capsicum were planted during 22-26 November and raised under nylon net at seed bed. The unit plot size was 5m×8 m with maintaining the spacing of 50 cm × 40 cm. The crop was fertilized with 100-66100-20-2-5000 kg ha^-1 of NPKSZn (FRG, 2012). Half of N, full dose of other fertilizers and cow dung were applied as basal in the form of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate, respectively. The remaining N was top dressed at 25 and 50 days after transplant of seedlings followed by irrigation. Plant protection and management practices were followed as per recommendation. Harvesting of fruits was started from 24 January and continued up to 29 March each year. Summer country bean Performance of BARI Sheem-7 was compared with locally popular Patasheem. The unit plot size was 8 m x 10 m with 6 dispersed replications. The pit was prepared by maintaining spacing of 1.5m× 1.5 m. The seeds of both varieties were sown in the pits during 10-15 April. NPKS fertilizers @ 28-40-75-5 kg ha^-1 of along with cow dung @10 t ha^-1 were applied. The entire amount of cow dung and gypsum was applied during final land preparation. The total quantity of P and half of N and K were applied at 4-5 days before sowing seeds to the pits and mixed thoroughly with soils. The rest of N and K were applied as top dressing at 30 days after seed sowing. Intercultural operations like watering, staking, preparation of trellis were done as and when necessary for each dispersed replications. The insecticide Sumithion @1.5 ml l^-1 of water was applied for controlling Jassid and white fly. The flowering started during first week of July and harvesting started during second week of July in each year. The yield data were rerecorded on whole plot basis and mean values were adjudged using least significant difference (LSD) test or using t-test in case of two treatments at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 71-79 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v16i1.37424

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the trials conducted for 3-years revealed that tomato var. BARI Tomato-14; brinjal var. BARI Bt Begun-2; locally grown Capsicum var. California Wonder and summer country bean var. BARI Sheem-7 performed better under the soil and climatic conditions of Sylhet region.

Knowledge Management: Journal