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Genetic-environment Interaction and Genetic Advance of Superior Wheat Mutants by Francis and Kannenberg’s Method

M Sarkar
Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

J Naher
Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

AT Hasan
Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

TM Nazim
Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

UK Nath
Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Increasing salinity, in the coastal area, is one of the major reasons of reducing wheat production. It is necessary to develop high yielding salt tolerant genotypes for sustainable yield of wheat in these areas. In our previous study, 37 lines were selected based on Francis and Kannenberg (1978) method following mean and standard deviation (SD) constructed in scattered plot diagram. In the present study, these selected lines along with ‘Prodip’ were grown in two different conditions: one is non-saline condition (BINA, Mymensingh) and another is saline condition (BINA, Satkhira). These wheat genotypes were evaluated to select the best performing lines which are stable in both the environment for their yield attributes. In RCBD trail with 3 replications, it was revealed that there were variations for plant height, flag leaf duration, spike length, spikelets per spike, 100-grain weight, number of tiller and yield per plant. Plant height, spikelets per spike and yield per plant showed higher heritability, higher phenotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance. However, spike length, number of tiller and flag leaf duration showed medium heritability. Genotype-environment interaction and stability analysis showed variation for plant height, flag leaf duration, 100 grain weight and yield per plant and the line L-61-18, L-879-2, L-879-22, L-880-7, L-880-18 and L-880-43 were the most potential and stable genotypes in both saline and non-saline environments for yield. Higher selection score was obtained from L-880-38 followed by L-879-34 and L-880-36 and lower selection score was obtained from L-880-34 respectively. Importance should be given on plant height, spike length, spikelet per spike and yield per plant for selection of salt tolerant wheat line in future wheat research programme.

Keywords: Mutants; Wheat; Yield contributing characters; Saline tolerant;

Location: Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Agro-ecological Zone-9 & Ganges Tidal Floodplain Agro-ecological Zone-13

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To develop high yielding salt tolerant genotypes for sustainable yield of wheat in these areas.

Methodology:

Experimental site and season: The experiment was carried out at two different places: Place 1: BINA at Mymensingh (non-saline land): The soil of this experimental area is a medium high land belonging to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Agro-ecological Zone-9 (UNDP and FAO 1988). The texture of the soil is silty loam having pH 6.7, low in organic matter and fertility level. Place 2: BINA at Satkhira (saline land): The soil of this experimental area is medium low land belonging to the Ganges Tidal Floodplain Agro-ecological Zone-13 (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The texture of the soil is loam having pH range from 6.2-8.4. Satkhira lies about 1.5 to 11.8 meters above the mean sea level. The CEC of the soil range from 14.2-25.2 m.e.%. The organic matter level in Satkhira soil is 1.8-2.2% with N content 0.9 to 0.3%. During the monsoon, salinity level usually remains 8-12 dS/m. About 146 thousand hectares of land in Satkhira are saline. Two types of saline soil are found: (i) saline calcareous and non-calcareous soil, and (ii) saline acid sulphate soil. Plant material: Thirty-seven wheat mutants were used as experimental material, selected by Francis and Kannenberg’s method based on high yield in nonsaline land. The variety ‘Prodip’ was used as control genotype, collected from wheat research programme, Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA). Experimental design and plant growth conditions: The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The plot size was 6m × 2.5m. The distance regarding block to block was 1m, plot to plot was 75 cm, line to line was 20 cm and plant to plant within rows was 5 cm. The seeds were sown on 1^st December 2011 in continuous rows keeping the row to-row distance of 30 cm. Finally, plants in a row were kept at a distance of about 5 cm. Thinning was done after 10 days of sowing. Two times weeding was done, one after 10 days of sowing seeds and the other after irrigation. In raising the experimental crop, one irrigation was applied. Other intercultural operations were done as and whenever necessary. The plants were harvested at full maturity. Harvesting was done on 24 March 2012. Statistical analysis: Pooled analysis of variance for genotype-environment interaction was performed by the Plant Breeding Statistical Program.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 20-31, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/pa.v30i1.42205

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, genotypes, environment and their interaction influenced plant height, flag leaf duration, spike length, 100-grain weight and yield per plant. Considering overall performance of the genotypes over environments, selected saline tolerant lines could be performed in satisfactory level up to 12 dSm^-1 of salt concentration. Therefore, these selected lines could be cultivated in the farmer’s field of saline zone after multiplication of the seeds in future wheat extensive programme of the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal