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Effect of Agroforest Tree Leaf Biomass on Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Wheat Cv. Akbar

MK Hasan
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MT Islam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

NA Roshni
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

R Akter
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MB Hossain
UAO, Department of Agricultural Extension, Raozon, Chattogram, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2017 to March 2018 to evaluate the effects of agroforestry leaf biomass on yield and yield contributing characters of wheat cv. Akbar. Eight different treatments viz. T₁= Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) tree leaf biomass, T₂= Minjiri (Cassia siamea) tree leaf biomass, T₃= Kalokoroi (Albizia lebbeck) tree leaf biomass, T₄= Sadakoroi (Albizia procera) tree leaf biomass, T₅= Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) tree leaf biomass, T₆= Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) tree leaf biomass, T₇= Mahogoni (Swietenia macrophylla) tree leaf biomass were used along with a recommended fertilizer dose referred as control (T₀) in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results reveal that tree leaf biomasses significantly influenced the yield and yield contributing characters viz. plant height (cm), effective tillers/hill, spike length (cm), number of spikelets/spike, number of filled grains/spike, number of non-filled grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (t/ha), straw yield (t/ha), biological yield (t/ha) and harvest index of wheat. The highest (2.83 t/ha) grain yield was recorded in the recommended fertilizer dose. Among the tree leaf biomasses, ipil-ipil tree leaf biomass produced the highest (2.47 t/ha) grain yield which was 12.71% decrease over control followed by 2.36, 2.21, 2.02, 1.89, 1.84 and 1.77 t/ha obtained in minjiri, sadakoroi, kalokoroi, eucalyptus, akashmoni and mahogany tree leaf biomass, respectively. However, it seems that the ipil-ipil tree leaf biomass would be possible to substitute of or apply in combination with inorganic fertilizer although there was some yield loss (12.71%) which was less significant compared to recommended fertilizer treatment. Therefore, it can be elucidated that for wheat production tree leaf biomass could use as a source of organic matter which is available in the agroforestry system, significantly reduces the considerable amount of chemical fertilizer.

Keywords: Tree leaf biomass; Decomposition; Fertilizer; Yield controlling characters, Wheat

Location: Agroforestry Field Laboratory, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2017

End Date: 00-03-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To examine the effects of common agroforestry leaf biomass on yield and yield contributing characteristics of wheat cv. Akbar.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Field Laboratory, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2017 to March 2018. The experimental site is characterized by non- calcareous and dark grey flood plain with silty loam texture soil having a pH value of ranged from 6.5 to 6.8. The experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. There were eight treatments used in this experiment: T₀ = Control (Recommended fertilizer dose, RFD); T₁= Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) tree leaf biomass; T₂ = Minjiri (Cassia siamea) tree leaf biomass; T₃ = Kalokoroi (Albizia lebbeck) tree leaf biomass T₄ = Sadakoroi (Albizia procera) tree leaf biomass; T₅ = Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) tree leaf biomass; T₆ = Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) tree leaf biomass; T₇ = Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) tree leaf biomass. The total numbers of plots were 24. The unit plot size was 1.25m × 1.25m. A local variety Akbar of wheat (Triticum aestivum) was selected as a test crop. Seeds were collected from the Central Farming System Office at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The selective tree leaf biomasses were collected from the representative trees of BAU Campus, Mymensingh. Then the tree leaf biomasses were chopped by hand and incorporated 15 days before of final land preparation The recommended dose of all fertilizers except urea were applied in control plots during final land preparation. Urea was applied top dressing in three equal installments i.e. 15, 30 and 50 days after transplanting (DAT). Seeds of the variety Akbar were directly sown in the experimental plot. The seeds were sown on 01 December 2017 at the rate of 120 kg/ha. Continuously line sowing was done and line to line distance was 20 cm. After sowing all necessary intercultural operations were done as required. At full maturity stage, the wheat was harvested plot-wise on 15 March 2018. Ten hills were randomly selected from each plot at maturity to record the yield and yield contributing characters viz. plant height (cm), number of effective tillers/hill, spike length (cm), number of spikelets/spike, number of filled grains/spikes, number of non-filled grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (t/ha), straw yield (t/ha), biological yield (t/ha). The selected hills were collected before crop harvest and necessary information recorded accordingly. Grain and straw yields were recorded plot-wise and expressed as t/ha. The recorded data were compiled and analyzed by RCBD design to find out the statistical significance of experimental results. The means for all the recorded data were calculated and analyzed statistically by using the Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) software. The mean differences were compared by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984) and also by Least Significance Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 32-38, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/pa.v30i1.42206

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield and yield contributing characters of wheat such as plant height (cm), number of effective tillers/hill, spike length (cm), number of spikelets/spike, number of filled grains/spike, grain yield (t/ha), straw yield (t/ha) and biological yield (t/ha) were significantly influenced due to the incorporation of different tree leaf biomass. From the present study, it was noted that the recommended fertilizer dose always gave the highest yield than tree leaf biomass. On the other hand, among the tree leaf biomass, the treatment of ipil-ipil was found the best and minjiri was the second best. Leaf biomass is a very important organic resource for soil fertility improvement. It supplies essential nutrients in soil considering important indicators of soil productivity and ecosystem health. We can use tree leaf biomass a source of organic matter for wheat cultivation, as is available in the agroforestry system, significantly reduces a considerable amount of chemical fertilizers. So, it can be concluded that the tree leaf biomass influences on yield and yield contributing characters of wheat. Tree leaf biomass and its effect on yield of wheat cultivation need to be studied further under different locations of Bangladesh along with different cultivar.

Knowledge Management: Journal