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Genetic Variability and Character Association of Quantitative Traits in Jhum Rice Genotypes

N. Akter*
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. Khalequzzaman
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.Z. Islam
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.A.A. Mamun
Agricultural Statistics Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.A.Z. Chowdhury
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Thirty jhum rice genotypes of hilly origin were studied for genetic variability, correlation and path analysis under medium high land of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for the period of March to July (Aus season), 2016. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters studied. The PCV values were greater than GCV, revealing little influence of environment in character expression. High values of heritability along with high genetic advance were observed for filled grain and plant height. Such outcomes suggested predominance of additive gene action in gene expression for these characters. Grain yield showed positive association with number of effective tiller and thousand grain weight at genotypic in conjunction with phenotypic level. Most of the traits had significant genetic variability besides, plant height and panicle length exhibited positive direct effect together with positive correlation with yield. Thousand grain weight possessed negative direct effect but highest positive significant correlation with yield.

Keywords: Correlation, Variability, Genetic advance, Heritability, Path coefficients, Rice, Yield, Yield components.

Location: At the experimental field of BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-03-2016

End Date: 00-07-2016

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to know variability and correlation among yield and its contributing characters using 30 jhum rice genotypes under direct seeded condition in a medium high land.

Methodology:

A total of 30 jhum rice landraces were collected from Rangamati district of Bangladesh. The collected landraces (code: J1-J30) have been conserved at short term storage of the BRRI Gene bank for safe keeping. The experiment was conducted following a Randomized Complete Block design with three replicates for each treatment at the experimental field of BRRI, Gazipur, during March to July (Aus season), 2016. Geographically, the place is located at about 24.00⁰ N latitude and 90.25⁰E longitude with an elevation of 8.4meters from the sea level and is characterized by subtropical climate. The soil of the experimental site was clay loam in texture. Twenty days-old seedlings from each entry were transplanted using single seedling per hill in 2.4 m² plot with 25 cm and 20 cm space between rows and plants, respectively. Fertilizers were applied @ 80:60:40:12 kg N: P: K: S per hectare. However, except N, the other fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in three equal splits, at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), at 35 DAT, and just before flowering. Intercultural operations and pest control measures were done as and when necessary. Data were collected on culm diameter (mm), flag leaf angle, plant height (cm), days to flowering, days to maturity, effective tiller number (ET), panicle length (cm), number of filled grains per panicle, grain length (mm), grain breadth(mm), grain length breadth ratio,1000 grain weight (g) and grain yield per hill (g). Kernels were classified on the basis of length (size) and for ratio (shape) following classification described by Cruz and Khush (2004). Statistical analysis Genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation were calculated following the methodology delineated by Burton (1952), while the estimates of heritability and genetic advance were computed as per the procedures elaborated by Burton and Devane (1953), and Johnson et al. (1955), respectively. Normal Pearson’s correlation and path coefficient analysis was undertaken using R software (version 3.2.1). Furthermore, Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients were calculated with META-R software.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 193-203 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v16i1.37434

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experiment reveals the significant genetic variability among the yield contributing traits of jhum rice genotypes. Higher mean values of plant height and days to maturity are evidence of their superiority in contribution of variation. Moreover, considering the results of character association and path analysis it is well understood that 1000-grain weight and the number of effective tiller works as a selection criteria for yield improvement. Such kind of characters could be used in rice breeding strategy and biotechnological research for further yield and quality improvement.

Knowledge Management: Journal