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Increasing Cropping Intensity and Productivity Through Boro-t.aus-t.aman-mustard Cropping Pattern in Bangladesh

M.A.H. Khan
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.S. Zaman
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.K. Hasan
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A.S.M.M.R. Khan
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Multiplication Testing Site (MLT) Trishal of on-farm research division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to study the comparative agro-economic performance of four crops pattern for increasing cropping intensity and productivity as compared with existing farmers’ pattern. Four crops pattern (Boro-T.Aus-T.Aman-Mustard) and farmers’ existing pattern (Boro-fallow-T.Aman- fallow) as control were tested. On an average, organic matter 3.94 t ha^-1 and 2.60 t ha^-1 were added to soil in four crops pattern and farmers existing pattern by incorporation of biomass of respective crops.. Two years average results showed that the highest rice equivalent yield (20.63 t ha^-1) was obtained from four crops pattern. The highest average gross return and gross margin of the four crops pattern were obtained Tk.359570 and Tk. 170162 ha^-1 which were 80 and 207 % higher over farmers’ pattern. Farmers’ practice gave the lower gross return (Tk. 199790 ha^-1). The mean marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) was found 2.23 which indicated the superiority of four crops pattern over the farmers’ existing pattern. The marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) analysis also showed that inclusion of mustard and T.Aus rice in the existing pattern might be profitable and acceptable to the farmers. Nutrient uptake and balance showed that considerable amounts of N, P, K and S were removed by crops every year. However, the N, K and S balances were found negative in all cases but P balance was found positive. From the above result showed that four crops can be grown successfully one after another in sequence of the tested pattern

Keywords: Cropping intensity, Cropping pattern, Land utilization index, Rice equivalent yield

Location: Multiplication Testing Site (MLT) Trishal of on-farm research division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Farming System

Non-commodity: Cropping pattern, Profitability

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of increasing cropping intensity and productivity by growing four crops in a year in a same piece of land by incorporating mustard and T.Aus rice in the existing cropping system.

Methodology:

The trial was conducted to increase cropping intensity and productivity by incorporating mustard and T.Aus rice in the existing cropping system (Boro-fallowT.Aman-fallow) during 2015-16 and 2016-17. The experimental site belongs to Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Agro-ecological Zone (AEZ-9) of Mymensingh. The geographical position of the area is between 24^o45/ N latitude and 90^o24/ E longitude. The land was medium high and the soil of the study area was sandy loam in texture with well drainage system and almost neutral in reaction having pH range of 6.0 to 6.9. Maximum rainfall was received during the months of April to September. The meteorological data of the experimental site revealed that the highest temperature (33.9^oC) in August and the lowest in December (10.1^oC). The relative humidity was the highest (84.5%) in August and the lowest (75.2 %) in March. The crop received (140.5mm) rain showers from October to March. Monthly mean maximum and minimum air temperature (31.9 and 19.3^oC), total rainfall (2018 mm) and relative humidity (82.7 %) were prevailing during the study period. The land type was medium high and the soil texture of the experimental plots was clay loam which belongs to Old Brahmaputra Floodplain soil (AEZ-9). Initial and final soil samples were collected and analyzed. General soil types predominantly include Dark Grey Floodplain soils. Organic matter content was low, top soils were acidic to neutral and sub-soils were neutral in reaction. In general, fertility level including N, K and B was low. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Two cropping pattern viz. four crops pattern and farmers’ existing pattern were the treatments variables of the experiment. The unit plot size was 1000-1200 Sq. m. Boro rice was the first crop of the sequence. Seedlings of rice were grown in adjacent plot and transplanting was done with 35-40 days old seedlings of rice var. BRRI dhan28 at a spacing of 20 cm × 15 cm during 26 to 31 January, 2015 and 2016 in four crops pattern. Fertilizer management and intercultural operations like weeding, mulching, irrigation and pest management were done according to BRRI (2013). Boro rice was harvested during 26 April to 06 May, 2015 and 2016 in two consecutive years. Rice plant was harvested at 30 cm height from soil surface and remaining parts of the plants was incorporated in soil. T.Aus and T.Aman rice was the second and third crop of the sequence. Seedlings of rice were grown in adjacent plot and transplanting was done with 25-30 days old seedlings of T.Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48 were transplanted with 20 cm × 15 cm during 9 to 13 May, 2015 and 2016 and T.Aman rice var. BRRI dhan57 were transplanted with 20 cm × 15 cm during 8 to 15 August, 2015 and 2016 in both years. Fertilizer management and intercultural operations like weeding, mulching, irrigation and pest management were done according to BRRI (2013). T.Aus rice was harvested during 1 to 6 August, 2015 and 2016 and T.Aman rice was harvested during 22 to 31 October, 2015 and 2016 in two consecutive years. T.Aus rice plant was harvested at 30 cm and T.Aman rice plant was harvested at 15 cm from soil surface and remaining parts of the plants was incorporated in soil. Mustard was grown during rabi season and it was the fourth crop of the sequence. Fertilizer management and intercultural operations like weeding, mulching, irrigation and pest management were done according to FRG, 2012. Mustard var. BARI sarisha-14 was seeded as broadcast method with seed rate of 7 kg ha^-1. The crop was sown during 3 to 10 November, 2015 and 2016 and harvested during 19 to 24 January, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Crop nutrient uptake was estimated following the standard value of FRG, 2012. Agronomic performance like field duration, rice equivalent yield (REY), production efficiency and land utilization index of cropping patterns were calculated. Rice equivalent yield (REY) For comparison between crop sequences, the yield of every crop was converted into rice equivalent on the basis of prevailing market price of individual crop. Rice equivalent yield (REY) was computed as yield of individual crop multiplied by market price of that crop divided by market price of rice.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 103-112 (2017)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v15i2.35150

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Mustard and T.Aus rice could be easily fitted in the existing pattern with higher rice equivalent yield and higher benefit. Besides, cultivation of four crops, Boro (var. BRRI dhan28)-T.Aus (var. BRRI dhan48)-T.Aman (var. BRRI dhan57)-Mustard (var. BARI Sarisha-14) pattern in a year in the same piece of land could be created more employment opportunity as well as increased production of rice and mustard for the farmers at the same time cropping intensity and productivity could be increased.

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