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Farmers’ Livelihood Through ‘one House One Farm’ Approach in Selected Areas of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

M. T. Uddin
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. Jannat
Institute of Agribusiness and Development Studies (IADS), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was attempted to analyze the impact of ‘one house one farm’ approach on farmers’ livelihood status in some selected areas of Mymensingh district. As the study was based on comparing the farmers’ livelihood, a total of 90 farmers where 45 farmers were selected randomly who were under this project and the rest of 45 farmers were selected who were not under this project from Bhabkhali, Char Nilakshmia and Char Ishwardia union under sadar upazila. The primary data were collected through direct interview method from the selected farmers using structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed with a combination of descriptive statistics and econometric analyses like logistic regression and propensity score matching methods to attain the objectives. Sex distribution, family size, training exposure and farm income have positive and significant impact on the adoption of this project. Based on Kernel and Radius matching methods, the average farm household income of the project farmer was increased by the amount of Tk. 28,561.4 to Tk. 16,445.6 per year compared to non-project farmers which is statistically significant at 1% level. Overall employment opportunities were increased by the duration of 22 to 36 man-days for the project farmers compared to non-project farmers. Daily per capita calorie intake from different food items was higher for project farmers than the non-project farmers. The access on human capital, social capital, natural capital, physical capital and financial capital for project farmers were increased by 29.5%, 25.7%, 9.0%, 18.3% and 22.3%, respectively due to the adoption of ‘one house one farm’ approach. The study also identified some problems faced by the farmers for adopting the project and probable solutions related to those problems. If these problems could be solved within a reasonable time, farmers would be more enthusiastic to adopt the project idea for earning more income which helps them to change their livelihood status ultimately.

Keywords: Employment, Income, Livelihood, ‘One house one farm’ approach

Location: The study was conducted in three unions under Mymensingh sadar upazila

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Income generation

Objectives:

The specific objectives are: i) to determine the factors affecting adoption of ‘one house one farm’ approach; ii) to estimate the impact of ‘one house one farm’ project on income generation, employment creation and livelihood pattern of the sample farmers; and iii) to suggest policy options for overcoming constraints and exploring possible opportunities.

Methodology:

Keeping in view the objectives, the study was conducted in three unions under Mymensingh sadar upazila, where ‘one house one farm’ farmers were available. Bhabkhali, Char Nilakshmia and Char Ishwardia unions were selected purposively as study areas. A total of 90 farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaire for collection of data and information. Face-to-face interview method was conducted by the researcher herself. The researcher also collected documents from Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB) for this purpose. Analytical techniques In order to investigate the extent of influence on the decision making status, logistic regression analysis was used. The binary variable was assigned with the value 1 for decision that is taken by project farmers alone and zero otherwise. The logit model has been specified as follows: Yi = β0+ β1 X1i+ β2 X2i+ β3 X3i+ β4 X4i+ β5 X5i + β6 X6i + β7X7i + β8 X8i +Ui Here, Yi = It is a binary variable having 1 for indicating adoption and 0 indicating Non-adoption; X1 = Sex (i.e., male =1, female = 0); X2 = Age of respondents (years); X3 = Years of schooling of respondents; X4 = Family size (no.); X5 = Farm size (ha); X6 = Received training i.e., 1 indicates receiving training where 0 indicates not receiving training; X7 = Total farm income (tk.); X8 = Total off-farm income (tk.); and Ui = Error term. To evaluate the impact on income generation, techniques of propensity score matching (PSM) were applied with Kernel matching and Radius matching methods. Kernel matching method Kernel matching is simply a Kernel density function. In this method, all of the observations in the comparison group inside the common support region are used.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 14(2): 90-106 (2016)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v14i2.31248

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

‘One house one farm’ approach is a unique initiative in addition to the common help to the small farmers by the government. Need-based investments to the family farming ensure food production, improve livelihood and enhance income which ultimately lead to reduce poverty. The adoption of ‘one house one farm’ approach helped the farmers to increase their farm income by practicing different farming enterprises. Sex distribution, family size, training exposure and farm income have positive and significant impact on the adoption of this project. ‘One house one farm’ project farmers got more opportunities to improve their economic condition and livelihood status through diversified income generating activities than non-project farmers. In some cases, they got training but no credit facilities and some farmers got credit and technical support without training. The farmers also reported the probable solutions to get rid of those problems. The vision of Bangladesh government for being middle income country by 2021 would be achieved to some extent if the project works properly. If the ‘one house one farm’ project can be implemented successfully, this model would be a universal and ideal practice of poverty reduction for the poor particularly in developing countries.

Knowledge Management: Journal