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Post-waterlogging Rescue Nitrogen Improves Waterlogging Tolerance in Mungbean (vigna Radiata)

Md. Rafiqul Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Mehfuz Hasan
Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Munny Akter
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Nazmun Nahar Shibly
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at the Stress Research Site of the Department of Agronomy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during the period from April to July 2017 to evaluate the effect of rescue nitrogen fertilizer for improving the performance of water logging tolerance in mungbean genotype VC-6173A. Both waterlogged and non-waterlogged mungbean plants were received varying doses of rescue nitrogen from urea fertilizer. The rescue nitrogen (N) treatments were: N0-no rescue N; N₃₀ - 20 and 10 kg ha^-1 rescue N applied at 0-day and 15-day after removal of water logging (ARW); N₄₀ - 30 and 10 kg ha^-1 rescue N applied at 0-day and 15-day ARW and N₅₀ - 40 and 10 kg ha^-1 rescue N applied at 0-day and 15-day ARW. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Different levels of rescue N improved plant height, leaf chlorophyll index, phonological period, plant growth, pod formation and seed yield of mungbean. N-treated plants showed higher relative SPAD chlorophyll values and the increment was higher for higher N-dose. Water logging reduced 40% root dry matter and 34% both shoot and total dry matter relative to non-waterlogged plants. Rescue N significantly increased both the root and shoot dry matter. The waterlogged plants without rescue N showed 29% reduction in the number of pods per plant and the reduction showed 13% for rescue N₄₀ - in waterlogged plants. The seed yield reduction was 25% in waterlogged plants without rescue N but with rescue N, seed yield remarkably increased particularly in N₄₀-treated plants. Therefore, the study suggests that rescue N fertilizer application may be a viable practice in improving water logging tolerance and increasing yield of mungbean.

Keywords: Mungbean, Waterlogging, Nitrogen, Root and shoot growth, Seed yield

Location: Stress Research Site of the Department of Agronomy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2017

End Date: 00-07-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Mungbean

Objectives:

The study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of rescue nitrogen in improving water logging tolerance and yield of mungbean.

Methodology:

Experimental site and soil- The study was conducted at the Stress Research Site of the Department of Agronomy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh from April to July 2017. The topsoil was manmade having silt loam in texture with shallow red brown terrace subsoil designated as Salna soil series under Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28). The chemical properties are characterized by slightly acidic in reaction with very low and low contents of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. The rainfall was intermittent during the experimentation and a substantial rainfall occurred when water logging treatments were imposed. However, there was very low rainfall at the time of rescue N application but a heavy rainfall occurred just before a second application of rescue N. After 65 DAE, it started heavy rains and continued until termination of the experimentation. The maximum temperature ranged between 30.1 and 33.1^ºC and did not vary significantly during the crop growing period, but minimum temperature progressively increased from 23.4 to 27.1^ºC. Treatment, layout and experimental design- A water logging tolerant mungbean genotype VC-6173A was used in the study. Two types of soil conditions were created viz. no-water logging (control) and water logging and both were applied with urea @ 40 kg ha^-1, triple superphosphate @ 85 kg ha^-1, muriate of potash @ 35 kg ha^-1 and cowdung @ 10 t/ha (blanket dose) during final land preparation. Four doses of rescue nitrogen were applied in both waterlogged and non-waterlogged plants after imposing waterlogging treatments. The rescue nitrogen (N) treatments were: N₀-no rescue N; N₃₀ - rescue N at 30 kg ha^-1 of which 20 kg ha^-1 applied at 0-day ARW (30 DAE) and 10 kg ha^-1 at 15-day ARW (45 DAE); N₄₀ - rescue N at 40 kg ha^-1 of which 30 kg ha^-1 applied at 0-day ARW (30 DAE) and 10 kg ha^-1 at 15-day ARW (45 DAE) and N₅₀ - rescue N at 50 kg ha^-1 of which 40 kg ha^-1 applied at 0-day ARW (30 DAE) and 10 kg ha^-1 at 15-day ARW (45 DAE). The size of the experimental unit plot was 1.2×1.0 m and the total number of plots was 32. The spacing between the waterlogged and control plots was 1.5 m to avoid side entry of seepage water to the control plots. Polythene sheets were used in waterlogged treatments to avoid side leakage of water. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Land preparation and management practices- The experimental plots were prepared by plowing and cross plowing. Seeds of uniform size and shape were sown on 3 April 2017 after treated with Provex 200 at 3g/kg seed. Line to line and plant to plant distance were maintained 30 and 10 cm, respectively. Seedlings were emerged within 3-4 days after sowing. After thinning, one health seedling was kept for maintaining the plant to plant distance. The experimental plots were kept totally weed free from 15 DAE to 30 DAE. Insecticide Karate at 2 ml/L was applied two times maintaining intervals of 10 days at the vegetative stage, and once at the pod-filling stage for controlling thrips and pod borers. A single heavy irrigation was done just after seeding and thereafter, irrigation water was applied only when it was required. Imposition of water logging stress- Water logging treatment was imposed to 25-day old seedlings and flooding depth was maintained 2-3 cm for three days. After removal of water logging, soils remained at saturation conditions for two days and altogether five days (25-30 DAE) were considered as water logging period. At the same time, the optimal soil moisture was maintained in plants retained as control. Rescue N fertilizer doses were applied once at the removal of water logging (30 DAE) and another at 15 days after removal of water logging (45 DAE). Data collection- Data on plant height, SPAD (Soil-Plant Analysis Development) chlorophyll index, dry matter production, and yield components were recorded for both waterlogged and non-waterlogged control plants applied with or without rescue N treatments. For this, five plants from each treatment were selected for recording the data. Statistical analysis- The data of all treatments were subjected analyzed statistically by using software Statistix 10 (Analytical software, 2018). All the recorded data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were compared by using Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a significance level of P≤0.05.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2019; 17(1-2) 01-13

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/agric.v17i1-2.44692

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The application of rescue N fertilizer was found to improve the growth and yield of mungbean subjected to water logging and this may be a valuable practice for the mungbean growing areas suffering from water logging. However, the recovery of plants from water logging injury after application of rescue N remarkably varied with the amount of fertilizer. Further research is needed to quantify the appropriate amount of rescue N fertilizer and time of its application to increase water logging tolerance in mungbean. Furthermore, the study is suggested to evaluate the potentiality of different methods of using N fertilizer during the recovery phase of waterlogged mungbean plants.

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