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Evaluation of Blackgram (vigna Mungo L.) Genotypes for Their Tolerance to Flooding

M. S. Rana
Departments of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. A. Hossain
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

T. A. Urmi
Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

S. Ahmed
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

M. M. Haque
Departments of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. M. Islam
Departments of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Water logging is one the major abiotic stresses that affects growth and yield of blackgram. A field experiment was carried out at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706 during kharif II season to evaluate 26 blackgram genotypes for understanding the flood tolerance in respect of yield and yield contributing characters. The experiment was laid out with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Water logging depth was 3-5 cm, created by irrigation from tap water and imposed at 29 days after emergence of seedlings which was maintained for 8 days. Multivariate analysis was performed involving eight qualitative plant characters. A wide range of variation was found for all the qualitative plant characters like plant height, plant dry weight, branches per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant. Flooding reduced all the growth parameters of blackgram but degree of reduction varied greatly over the blackgram genotypes. Considering yield performance, the genotypes BU Acc 25 showed the highest yield per plant (9.03 g) followed by the BU Acc 17 (6.47 g) and BU Acc 24 (6.17) under flooding . The yield reduction percent of the same genotypes were minimum (43.86, 60.82 and 65.96, respectively) compared to control which is very important for selection of those genotypes as a flooding tolerant.

Keywords: Genotypes, Variability, Flooding, Blackgram

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Black gram

Objectives:

The present research is planned to screen flood tolerant genotype for the improvement of pulse crop.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706 during kharif II season. It is located in Madhupur Tract under Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ) 28 at geographic coordinate 24⁰ 05 North latitude and 90⁰16 East longitude with an elevation of 8.4 m above the mean sea level. The soil of the experimental pot is silty clay. The site is situated in the sub- tropical region characterized by heavy rainfall during monsoon at the months from May to September and light rainfall in the rest of the months of the year. The soil of experimental pot was collected before sowing of seeds. Soil used in the plastic pot was silt clay. Treatments of the experiment- The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two treatments where each treatment replicated three times. Two treatments such as (i) no flooding (Control) & (ii) flooding were used in the experiment. Twenty six blackgram genotypes were used in the experiment. Flooding was imposed 29 days after emergence (DAE) at pre- flowering stage. Flooding depth was 3-5 cm, created by irrigation from tap water which was maintained for 8 days. Pot was made completely non-perforated so water could not leach out. The water was made turbid twice daily by mixing mud. This was done to ensure that the conditions were made as similar as possible to the conditions which occur during actual flooding in nature. Flooding was stopped at 37 DAE. During the treatment period, dying of plant visually observed every day. In non-stress treatment, 100 % field capacity was maintained. Fertilizer application- Recommended dose of fertilizer for Blackgram according to BARI was maintained (BARI, 2017). Urea: 40-50 kg/ha, Triple super phosphate: 90-95 kg/ha, Muriate of Potash: 30- 40 kg/ha, Gypsum 60 kg/ha Zinc sulphate 6 kg/ha. Half of urea, total amount of TSP, MOP, gypsum and zinc sulphate was applied at the time of final pot preparation. Rest amount of urea was top dressed at 15 days after first application. Intercultural operations such as weeding and thinning were done uniformly in each plot to ensure normal growth of the crop. To protect the plant from noxious insects Ripcord 10 EC @ 1 ml/liter of water was sprayed. Pods were harvested at 65 DAE when more than 80% pods were physiologically matured (turned blackish and got hard). After collecting of pods the sample plants were kept in the oven dry for 72 hours. The yield data such as plant height, branches per plant, plant dry weight, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant were recorded from each plant of two treatments. Statistical analysis- Analysis of genetic variation among genotypes was performed with the program SPSS 16. Eight qualitative variables were enlisted before considered in the cluster analysis.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2019; 17(1-2) 89-101

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/agric.v17i1-2.44699

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In all cases plants of control condition performs better compared to plants of flood condition. The performance of the plants is more pronounced in case of plant height, pods per plant and yield per plant. Under control condition G3 produced highest yield per plant followed by G20, and G5. On the other hand, under flood condition G25 produced highest yield per plant followed by G17, and G24. On the basis of yield and other factors G25, G17 and G24 consider as the best genotypes and they have a huge potentiality for developing a new flood tolerant variety.

Knowledge Management: Journal