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Effects of Tillage Practices and Nutrient Management on Crop Productivity and Profitability in Jute-t. Aman Rice- Onion Cropping System

N. SALAHIN
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur1701, Bangladesh

M. K. ALAM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur1701, Bangladesh

N. C. SHIL
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur1701, Bangladesh

A. T. M. A. I. MONDOL
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur1701, Bangladesh

M. J. ALAM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Conservation agriculture (CA) with appropriate nutrient management can help increase crop production, improve soil health and bring economic return. An experiment was conducted at farmer’s field of Rajbari district under Low Ganges River Floodplain (AEZ-12) during 2017-2018 to evaluate the effects of tillage and nutrient management on the system productivity and profitability in the jute - T. Aman rice- onion cropping system. Strip tillage (ST) for jute, nonpuddling for T. Aman rice and one pass minimum tillage (MT) for onion was contrasted with conventional crop establishment practice (CT). Four different nutrient management practices were NM1: farmer’s practice (FP), NM2: soil test based (STB) fertilizer, NM3:25% extra of STB and NM₄: organic amendments (20 % nutrients from cowdung). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications by assigning tillage practices in main plots and nutrient management in sub-plots. The yield attributes of jute, T. Aman rice and onion responded similarly to tillage practices. On the other hand, the system productivity and yield of component crops varied due to different nutrient management practices (p<0.05). The highest fibre yield of jute (3.64 t ha^-1) was obtained in 25% extra of STB fertilizer dose; the highest T. Aman yield (6.02 t ha^-1) and the highest onion bulb yield (16.0 t ha^-1) in 20 % organic nutrient management, followed by 25 % extra of STB fertilizer dose. The highest system productivity was also produced by 20 % organic amendments (33.6 t ha-¹⁾, followed by 25 % extra of STB fertilizer dose (32.3 t ha^-1). The lowest yield of crops and system productivity was recorded in FP (28.6 t ha-¹⁾.The increased yield of T. Aman rice and onion in 20 % organic amendment by cowdung and ST resulted in the highest net return (NR) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR), while 25% extra of STB and FP under CT gave the lowest NR and BCR. Residual nutrient from successive use of cowdung combined with chemical fertilizers outperformed other management practices in terms of crop yield and economic return.

Keywords: Benefit-cost ratio, Cropping system, productivity, Minimal soil disturbance, Nutrient management, Strip planting

Location: Farmer’s field of Rajbari district

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Jute, Onion

Objectives:

The study was undertaken with the following objectives: i). to find out the suitable combination of tillage practices and nutrient management for maximizing the crop yield in the jute- T. Aman- onion cropping system, and iii). to evaluate the system productivity and economic profitability in this system.

Methodology:

The experiment was done at farmer’s field of Rajbari district during 2017-2018.It belongs to the agro-ecological zone “Low Ganges River Floodplain” (AEZ-12; located at 23°48”35” N and 89°25’55” E, at 11.0 m above the sea level. Initial soil characteristics of the experimental field were determined and information of soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, organic matter, total N, available P, K, S, Zn, and B contents at 0-15 cm soil depth. The unit experimental plot area was 7.2 m × 4.5 m and the design of the experiment was split-plot with three replications. Tillage practices such as, T₁: conventional tillage (CT) and T₂: minimum tillage (MT)/strip tillage (ST)/nonpuddling was assigned in main plots and four nutrient management practices such as NM1: farmer’s practice (FP), NM2: soil test based recommended fertilizer (100% STB as per Fertilizer Recommendation Guide-FRG, all from chemical fertilizers), NM3: 25% extra of STB as per FRG, all from chemical fertilizers and NM4: 80% from chemical fertilizer and the 20% nutrients supplemented with cowdung manure were allotted in sub-plots. Jute seed (cv. Nabin) was sown on 11 May, 2017 maintaining 25 cm × 7-10 cm spacing, T. Aman rice seedlings (cv. BRRIdhan 72) were transplanted on 10 August 2017 maintaining 20 cm × 20 cm spacing and onion seedlings (cv. King) were transplanted on 23 January 2018 at 15 cm apart from row to row and 10 cm apart from plant to plant. Jute was harvested on 31 July 2017, T. Aman rice on 03 December 2017 and onion was harvested on 08 April 2018. Two (2) m² area from each plot was selected immediately after sowing/transplanting for data collection. Ten plants of each plot were selected for yield attributes. Thousand grain weight of T. Aman was measured plot-wise. The plants were cut, then threshed, cleaned, sun-dried and weighed of grain and straw separately from 2 m² area of each plot. Finally, the grain and straw were converted into t ha^-1. Statistical analysis The effects of tillage practices and nutrient management approaches on yield and economics were assessed using a two-factor analysis of variance. All data were statistically analyzed with SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software package version 21 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Means were compared by using least significant difference (LSD) atp < 0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 387-399, September 2019 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Different nutrient management showed significant variations on fibre yield of jute; grain yield of T. Aman rice as well as the bulb yield of onion at the farmer’s field of Rajbari district. The yield and yield attributes of jute, T. Aman rice and onion responded similarly to tillage methods (p>0.05). The highest fibre yield (3.64 t ha^-1) of jute was obtained from 25 % extra of STB and 20 % organic amended with 80% CF (3.23 t ha-¹) compared to STB dose(3.16 t ha^-1) and farmers’ practice (2.96 t ha^-1). The highest grain yield of rice was produced in 20% organic amended with 80% CF (6.02 t ha-¹), which was statistically similar to 25 % extra of STB(5.93 t ha^-1) and STB dose(5.72 t ha^-1). In case of onion, 20% organic amended with 80% CF outperformed yields of 16.0 t ha^-1 fresh and 13.9 t ha^-1 sundry than other nutrient management practices. Supplementing 20% of RFD by CD along with 80% chemical fertilizer exhibited the best performance over other treatments (25% extra of STB dose, STB dose and farmers’ practice) in terms of crop yield and economic return.

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