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Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of BRRI Dhan49 as Influenced by Different Forms of N Fertilizers Under Awd Condition

Md. Rafiqul Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Snigdha Khatun
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Azmul Huda
Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M. Mazibur Rahman
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mahbubul Alam Asad
Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Aman season of 2016 to evaluate the effects of deep placement of N fertilizers in the form of urea super granule (USG) and NPK briquettes in comparison with prilled urea (PU) on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of BRRI dhan49. The soil was silt loam in texture having pH 6.27, organic matter content 1.95% and total N 0.136%. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments include T₁ (Control), T₂ (PU, 104 kg N ha^-1), T₃ (USG, 104 kg N ha^-1), T₄(USG 78 kg N ha^-1), T₅ (USG, 52 kg N ha^-1), T₆ (NPK briquettes, 104 kg N ha^-1), T₇ (NPK briquettes, 78 kg N ha^-1) and T₈ (NPK briquettes, 52 kg N ha^-1). All the treatments except T₆, T₇ and T₈received 16 kg P and 42 kg K ha^-1 from TSP and MoP, respectively. In T₆, T₇ and T₈ treatments, P and K were supplied from NPK briquettes. The PU was applied in three equal splits. The USG and NPK briquettes were deep placed 10 DAT and the briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. Application of PU, USG and NPK briquette under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) condition exerted significant influence on yield attributes as well as grain and straw yields of BRRI dhan49. The maximum grain yield of 6311 kg ha^-1 (100% increases over control) and straw yield of 6956 kg ha^-1 was recorded in T₃ (USG, 104 kg N ha^-1). The second highest grain yield of 5865 kg ha^-1produced by T₂(PU, 104 kg N ha^-1) was statistically similar with T₄ (USG 78 kg N ha^-1) and T₆ (NPK briquettes, 104 kg N ha^-1). The lowest grain yield (3155 kg ha^-1) and straw yield (3908 kg ha^-1) were recorded in T₁ (Control). The deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes enhanced both the recovery of applied N and N use efficiency in comparison with broadcast application of prilled urea. The T5 (USG, 52 kg N ha^-1) showed maximum apparent N recovery, and N use efficiency. Next to T₅, the T₄ depicted the position in respect of N recovery and N use efficiency. So the application of 78 kg N ha^-1 in the form of USG can be recommended for the production of BRRI dhan49.

Keywords: Urea super granule, NPK briquette, Prilled urea, N use efficiency, BRRI dhan49

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2016

End Date: 00-12-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Fertilizer

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of form and placement of nitrogen fertilizers on yield attributes; yield and N use efficiency of BRRI dhan49.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the Aman season of 2016. The study was performed to evaluate the effects of form and placement of nitrogen fertilizers on yield attributes; yield and N use efficiency of BRRI dhan49. The soil of the experimental site belongs to the Sonatala series under the AEZ of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain. The soil was silt loam in texture having pH 6.27, organic matter content 1.95% and total N 0.136%. The treatments include T₁ (Control), T₂ (PU, 104 kg N ha^-1), T₃ (USG, 104 kg N ha^-1), T₄(USG 78 kg N ha^-1), T₅ (USG, 52 kg N ha^-1), T₆ (NPK briquettes, 104 kg N ha^-1), T₇ (NPK briquettes, 78 kg N ha^-1) and T₈ (NPK briquettes, 52 kg N ha^-1). All the treatments except T₆, T₇ and T₈received 16 kg P and 42 kg K ha^-1 from TSP and MoP, respectively. In T₆, T₇ and T₈ treatments, P and K were supplied from NPK briquettes. The PU was applied in three equal splits. The USG and NPK briquettes were deep placed 10 DAT and the briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. Application of PU, USG and NPK briquette under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) condition exerted significant influence on yield attributes as well as grain and straw yields of BRRI dhan49. A high yielding variety of rice was used as a test crop. Forty day-old seedlings were transplanted in the plots maintaining a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. All the fertilizers except urea i.e. TSP, MoP, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied as basal doses in all the plots at final land preparation. Prilled urea was applied in three equal splits. The USG and NPK briquettes were deep placed at 10 DAT and the briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. The first dose of PU was applied at 10 days after transplanting (DAT); the second dose was added as top dressing at 35 DAT (active tillering stage) and the third dose was top-dressed at 55 DAT (panicle initiation stage). Intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, pest control, etc. were done as and when required. The crop was harvested at maturity. The grain yield was assessed with 14% moisture basis while the straw yield was recorded on sun dry basis. Five hills were selected randomly from each plot and data on plant height, tillers hill^-1, panicle length, grains panicle^-1 and 1000-grain weight were recorded. The N content in rice grain and straw was determined by Semi-micro Kjeldahl method (Bremner and Mulvaney, 1982). Nitrogen uptakes, apparent nitrogen recovery and nitrogen use efficiency were calculated from N content and yield data. The collected data were analyzed statistically by F-test to examine the treatment effects and mean differences were examined by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984)

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 6, No. 1, April 2019 : 27-33.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The deep placement of N fertilizers has numerous benefits over broadcast application of PU and NPK briquettes. From the results of the present study it was observed that the deep placement of USG had better performances on grain and straw yields, nitrogen recovery and nitrogen use efficiency as compared to the broadcast application of PU and NPK briquettes. Based on grain yield, N recovery and N use efficiency it can be concluded that application of N @ 78 kg ha^-1 (75% of recommended N) as USG can be used for the production of BRRI dhan49.

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