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Effects of Atropine Sulphate, Xylazine Hydrochloride, Ketamine Hydrochloride and Diazepam in Cats

Md. Mahfuzul Haque
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Tilagar, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Nasrin Sultana Lucky
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Tilagar, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In this experiment eighteen (18) apparently healthy female cats were assigned in three anesthetic groups to attain the objectives of assess the efficacy and adverse effects of anesthetic agents. The body weight of the cats ranged from 2.5 to 3 kg and 8 to 12 months of age. There were divided into following three groups; A: atropine sulphate (0.04 mg/kg), xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg) and Ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) body weight intramuscularly, B: xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) body weight intramuscularly and C: ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) and diazepam (1.4 mg/kg) body weight intramuscularly. The mean of induction period was significantly (P<0.05) shorter in Group A and B. Duration of anesthesia, time to first movement there was no difference among these three groups. The induction period was 2.67±0.82, 3.17±0.75 and 13±2.28, Duration of anesthesia was 34.17±2.40, 39.33±1.75 and 35.33±2.73, Time to first movement was 7.5±1.52, 6.67±1.03 and 7±0.894, Time to sternal position was 10.67±1.21, 10.33±1.03 and 19.83±2.07, Time to standing position was 14.67±2.07, 14.33±1.51 and 26.22±2.61 respectively in case of Group A, Group B and C. The induction, duration and recovery period from anesthesia was smooth in atropine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride combination. Salivation was found in xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride combination. Vomition observed onset of action and salivation during recovery period in Ketamine hydrochloride-Diazepam combination. From this study it was found that atropine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride does not show any adverse effect on cat and is an identical satisfactory anesthetic combination which will be helpful for performing any surgical interventions for cats.

Keywords: Cats, Atropine sulphate, Xylazine hydrochloride, Ketamine hydrochloride, Diazepam

Location: Sylhet Agricultural University campus, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-01-2015

End Date: 05-04-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Dog, Becteriocides

Objectives:

To evaluate the suitability of atrophine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride, xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride and diazepam-ketamine hydrochloride combination for surgical procedures to investigate the effects of premedication and anesthetic agent’s combination, and To examine the aptness for short and long duration of these combinations in cats.

Methodology:

A total of eighteen apparently healthy female cats to investigate the effect of anesthetic, premedicant and sedative agent combination. The body weight of the cats ranged from 2.5 to 3 kg and 8-12 months of age. Cats were collected from Sylhet Agricultural University campus and surrounding local area like Baluchor, Sylhet. The experiment was conducted from 1st January to 5th April 2015 at Professor Moshleh Uddin Ahmed Chowdhury Veterinary Teaching Hospital and Surgery and Theriogenology Department, Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Faculty, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet. The cats were fasted overnight prior to introducing of anesthesia. The experimental cats were divided into following three groups and allocated with the different anesthetic agents: Group A: Six cats were administered with atropine sulpate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride combination with the dose rate of 0.04 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg body weight, respectively at intramuscularly. Group B: Six cats were administered intramuscularly with xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride at the dose rate of of 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg body weight. Group C: Six cats were used to inject with diazepam-ketamine hydrochloride at the dose rate of 1.4 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. The anesthetic period was recorded carefully, monitoring the different reflexes and observing conditions of the cats. The period prolonging from time of injection up to the onset of recumbency was mentioned as the period of induction. The recovery period lengthens from the stage of reappearance of consciousness up to the stage when the cats stand on feet.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 6, No. 1, April 2019 : 127-132.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present study concluded that atropine sulphate-xylazine and ketamine hydrochlride combination is useful and a very satisfactory anesthetic protocol for excellent induction, adequate muscle relaxation, satisfactory duration of anesthesia and smooth recovery in cats. Prolonged induction and recovery of anesthesia with some complications like salivation and vomition were found in Ketamine hydrochloridediazepam combination. No cats were died during anesthesia or after recovery from anesthesia. All drug combinations can be safe for surgical operation if used appropriately. However, further studies are required to evaluate the effects on duration of anesthesia and cardiopulmonary function of these drug combinations in detail which will be helpful for performing any surgical operation.

Knowledge Management: Journal