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Use of Male Sterility and Synthesis of Maintainer Line for Hybrid Seed Production in Onion (allium Cepa L.)

G. M. Mohsin
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh

Farruk Ahmed,
Research and Development Wing, Lal Teer Seed Limited, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. S. Rahmanand
Research and Development Wing, Lal Teer Seed Limited, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. S. Islam
Plant Breeder, BRAC, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was carried out and one cytoplasmic genetic male sterile line (Smsms) and two fertile lines were identified as maintainer lines (Nmsms). These two crossed materials namely 004 (Shallot x Red creole) and 008 (Shallot x Red pinoy) produced 100 per cent male sterile progeny in full sib and backcross generations. The Shallot x Taherpuri/Suksagor and Shallot x Hazera-202/Hazera-203 cultivar produced both male fertile and male sterile segregating progenies. It indicated that these materials are probably determined by dominant and recessive independently acting genes which was resulting the genetically impure lines. All other crossed materials produced 100 per cent male fertile progeny upon crossing with shallot. Thus, the materials Red creole and Red pinoy can be used as maintainer line for “Shallot”. The performance of 904 F1 and 905 F1 hybrids over check (Taherpuri) and better parent was found to be preferably better using these CMS system.

Keywords: Allium cepa, cytotoplasmic male sterility, hybrid, Male sterile, Onion

Location: Research and Development wing (R&D) of Lal Teer Seed Ltd., Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

The present study was conducted for searching the maintainer line from distance heterotic pole for the development of hybrid onion variety which could be performed as better yielder than our local cultivar and to fight against different agro-climatic condition.

Methodology:

Bulbs of “shallot” and its probable maintainer (Nmsms) were collected from the open market of Philippines, Bangladesh and Thailand in November 2006. Shallot bulbs were vernalized at 10^oC for four weeks as this cultivar do not flower or poorly flower under Bangladesh conditions. Total eleven male fertile both local and exotic cultivars viz. Taherpuri, Suksagor, Batanes, Red pinoy, NZ-2, Red creole, Hazera-202, Hazera-203, Nueventa, Light red and Nasik red were grown at the same time. At flowering stage the “Shallot” was crossed with fertile pollen during the winter season of 2007-2008 at Research and Development wing (R&D) of Lal Teer Seed Ltd., Gazipur. In 2009-2010 at flowering stage both Male Sterile (MS) and Male Fertile (MF) plants were identified through the study of flower morphology and pollen viability test. Performances of MS plants from F₁families in respect of days to bolting and days to flowering were recorded for synchronization. In addition few F₁ plants of 004 (Shallot x Pinoy) and 008 (Shallot x Red Creole) were back crossed with their recurrent and expected pollen parents. Total six crosses as F₁ were evaluated during 2012-2013 in respect of yield performance against check variety (Taherpuri). Total methodologies were cited as below: 1st year: Bulb to Seed Growing the selected bulbs of expected MS lines and expected B -lines in alternate rows Selection of male sterile plants based on pollen sterility using 1% acetocarmin dye. Crossing between MS (A-line) and expected B-lines. 2nd year: Seed to bulb Growing the bulbs of the cross between A-line and expected B-line Selection of bulbs based on desirable characters like color Selection of bulbs including pungency and storability. 3rd year: Bulb to Seed Planting of selected bulbs based on storage quality and pungency Identifying MS plants which will be repeatedly backcrossed with B-line (maintainer line) Crossing between A-line with expected C-line (Restorer line). 4rth year: Seed to bulb Growing and selecting bulbs based on desirable characters. Storing the selected bulbs in ambient conditions. 5th year: Bulb to seed

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 29(1): 31-38, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Careful attention using the knowledge of genetics it could be identifies the sterility maintainer gene in our local cultivar which is more adaptable to our agro edaphic factor. The shallot and local lines are of different genetic back ground, thus they differ for many traits. The characteristics of the “local lines” are to be transferred in the “shallot” by backcrossing. For this, another three to four backcrosses to “local lines” will be required. Certain precautions such as frequent insect pollination should be allowed and rouging of male fertile plants from CMS line should be done timely to avoid unexpected out crossing. So, considering the genetics of the male sterility mechanism, further studies should be taken towards synthesis of maintainer line from local cultivar as well as hybrid variety development for better stability along with better yield and to combat climatic fluctuation in Bangladesh

Knowledge Management: Journal