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Effects of Reciprocal Crosses on Egg Production and Egg Weight of Chicken

Mamunur Rahman
Dept. of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Shonkor Kumar Das
Dept. of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury
Dept. of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In this study reciprocal mating was conducted between exotic chicken and locally purchased indigenous chicken from at the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh. The exotic chicken included White Leghorn (WL), RIR and Fayomi cocks and local cocks were mated to WL, RIR and Fayoumi hens naturally. Local cocks were mated to local hens in the pen as the control group. A total of 43 chicks in 4 genetic groups were raised up to 8 weeks under identical conditions. The objectives of the study is to keep record of egg production & egg weight of chicks hatched out of such reciprocal mating and compare the results in respect of egg production egg weight with control group (indigenous chickens). In conformity the performance of chicks produced by reciprocal mating among the two types in terms of egg production and egg weight were recorded. Egg production of the WL and Fayoumi was about double than that of indigenous and RIR, WL and Fayoumi compared to WL, Fayoumi and RIR. Growth rate, growth velocity and weight gain in Indigenous male ×WL female, Indigenous × Fayoumi female and Indigenous male× RIR female was found by higher than that of WL male ×Indigenous female, RIR male × Indigenous female and Fayoumi male × Indigenous female. Among the genotypes, Indigenous male ×WL female had the maximum gain in body weight. The results obtained indicated that male line of indigenous chickens crossed with females of other breeds was significantly higher than the female line of indigenous chicken crossed with male of their breeds in their growth performance.

Keywords: Egg production, Egg weight, Indigenous, Chicken, Reciprocal crosses

Location: Pot house of the Department of Crop Botany of Bangladesh Poultry breeding project on Reciprocal Recurrent Selection (RRS)

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

1. Improve the local hen in terms of-(i). Egg Production; (ii). Egg Weight

2. Keep record of eggs and chicks hatched out of such reciprocal mating and compare the result in respect of egg production, egg weight with control group (Indigenous Chickens).

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the Pot house of the Department of Crop Botany of Bangladesh Poultry breeding project on Reciprocal Recurrent Selection (RRS) is being worked out at the department of Animal Breeding and Genetics with the financial assistance of the BAURES. As a part of this project. this piece of poultry breeding experiment was conducted in the poultry shed established in the vicinity of Genetics Laboratory Reciprocal mating was conducted between exotic types and (included white leghorn (WL), Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Fayoumi). The indigenous adult birds were purchased (32 numbers) from the local market. The local hens were mated naturally to the exotic cocks and the local cocks were mated to the exotic hens.The proposed reciprocal mating plan of indigenous with exotic is given below:Indigenous cocks × White leghorn hens Indigenous hens × White leghorn cocks Rhode Island Red cocks × Indigenous hens Rhode Island Red hens × Indigenous cocks Indigenous cocks × Fayoumi hens Indigenous hens × Fayoumi cocks Also a control group of indigenous type was maintained. Management and Rearing The day –old chicks were leg-banded and were transferred to the brooder house. After the brooding period was over, the chicks were transferred to growing house. The pullets of different types used in the experiment were of similar age and to uniform condition. They were raised separate pens according to genotype. Males of the respective pure types were used in the ratio of 1 exotic cock to 5 exotic bens and 1 exotic cock to 8 indigenous hens.The birds were fed with identical ration formulated with locally available ingredients. They were immunized against Rani khet and Fowl pox and strict preventive measures were taken against other common infectious and parasitic diseases. Collection of Data Eggs were collected once in a day and pen wise records were maintained weight off egg of different grades was taken daily. Before scuttling eggs, the incubator was properly disinfected. Both kerosene and electric incubators were used according to availability. Fertility was determined through candling of eggs at 7^th and 14^th day of in of incubation. The percentage hatchability was calculated on the basis of number of fertile eggs. The individual body weight of chicks at day –old and on subsequent weeks were kept up to eight weeks of age the records that were cataloged during the experimental period are: 1.Daily pen wise records of the first year egg production, 2. Egg weight and3.Weekly body weight of chicks starting from day-old to eight weeks of age The growth velocity was calculated with the following formula as described by Chand et al.(1996)for the different genetic groups. Growth velocity (GV) = FW-IW, Where, FW = Final body weight IW = Initial body weight, Method of data analysis Analysis of variance was done to find out different the genotypes LSD/DMRT least squares analysis of variance was considered for the study (LS-ANOVA) and SAS package for body weight or growth performance of chicks in different crosses. The data obtained from the experimental chickens were analyzed for variances by Lcast-squares Method (Steele and Torrie, 1980) using SAS and MS Excel (“Version 7.0 )” computer program. The models for different parameters of the chicken in the least-Squares analysis of the variances were: Yij=μ+βi+eij Where Yij= Record on the jth observation of ith genetic group μ= Population mean βi= Effect of ith genetic group (WL, RIR, Fayoumi and Indigenous) eij=Error term.

Source of Information: J. Biosci. Agric. Res. 22(01): 1810-1814

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.220119.222

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It might be assumed that the Egg Production of WL and Fayoumi was significantly higher than that all Indigenous and RIR Chicken raised under similar feeding and other management condition, increased egg production was found in Fayoumi and WL birds probably due to better adaptability to the local environment and the suitable combination of favorable genes egg production. The average egg weight obtained in Indigenous, RIR, Fayomi and WL was 41.22, 48.95, 48.85 and 48.10, grams respectively. The average egg weight was significantly higher in RIR, WL and Fayoumi compared to Indigenous.

Knowledge Management: Journal