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Growth and Survival Performance of Mrigal Cirrhinus Mrigala Fingerlings in High Temperature at Laboratory Condition

Mohammad Ashaf-Ud-Doulaha
Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Harun or Rashida
Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

SM Majharul Islama
Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Shadiqur Rahmana
Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Shariful Islamb
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Bangladesh

Nur-A-Raushonb
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Global warming is expected to affect the aquatic ecosystem and aquaculture industry. In the current experiment, we have observed growth and water quality of Indian major carp mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) exposed to three different temperature regimes, such as 30, 33 and 36°C representing T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively for 60 days. One hundred and twenty fish were used, kept in 6 Aquarium, and were exposed to the different temperature. Highest body weight gain and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded at T₂. The highest specific growth rate was recorded at T₂ followed by T₁ and T₃. The optimum temperature range for growth was 30 to 33^°C. Survival at different acclimation temperatures was between 90.00±0.00, 90.0±0.00 and 75.00±0.00%, from lower to higher acclimation temperatures. Dissolved oxygen decreased and free CO₂ increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing temperature, while pH and total alkalinity significantly showed no distinct changes in any temperature conditions. On the other hand, the ammonia levels significantly increased at day 7 in 36^°C. Taken altogether, this study confirmed that mrigal feel better growth at 30^°C and 33^°C, while high temperature is stressful to Indian major carp mrigal.

Keywords: High temperature, Mrigal, Growth

Location: Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI) freshwater station, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To assess growth, feed conversion efficiency in Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) in different temperature regimes.

Methodology:

Experimental Design- Healthy Mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala fry were collected from Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI) freshwater station, Mymensingh and placement in tanks (1000L) at ambient temperature in the Eco-physiology laboratory, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for 30 days to recover from transportation stress. The 180 uniform size fingerlings were equally distributed among three treatments (30°C, 33°C and 36°C) each with three replications following a completely randomized design, with a stocking density of 20fry/100L water. Uniform rearing conditions were maintained in all the experimental groups except for the water temperatures at 30°C, 33°C and 36°C. Rearing for growth study- Fishes were reared in reinforced glass aquaria having 100 L of water for 15 days at 30 ± 0.5°C in a controlled environment before starting the experiment. The fishes having average weight of 15.14 ± 0.70 g, respectively. The temperature were gradually increased by 1°C /day to 30°C, 33°C and 36°C for 60 days. The target temperature was achieved with the thermostat (REI-SEA, 300 watts, Japan). The aquarium was provided with filtration cum aeration device (Sebo-aquarium internal filter WP-850F) for self-cleaning and aeration throughout the study period. Water quality parameters pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia and total alkalinity of each aquarium were maintained and recorded. Feed and feeding- The fishes were supplied with commercial diet twice in a day and fed up to satiation. Growth- Growth rate of fish was measured in terms of percentage weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) as given below: Percentage weight gain = final weight - initial weight/ initial weight×100; Specific growth rate = Ln final body weight-Ln initial body weight/duration of experiment (days) × 100; Feed conversion ratio (FCR) = Feed given (dry weight)/Weight gain (wet weight); Survival = Number of fish harvested/Number of fish stocked × 100. Water quality parameters- Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen (mg/L), free CO₂ (mg/L), pH, Ammonia (ppm) and total alkalinity (mg/L) were measured at every sampling day over the experimental period. Temperature, DO and pH were measured using a mercury thermometer, DO meter (Model DO5509, Lutron, made in Taiwan) and portable pH meter (Model number- RI 02895, HANNA Instruments Co.), respectively. The free CO₂of water was determined by titrimetric method using phenolphthalein indicator and 0.0227N NaOH titrant. Total alkalinity of water was determined by titrimetric method using methyl orange indicator and 0.02N H₂SO₄ titrant. Ammonia was determined by ammonia test kit solution (HANNA Instruments Co.). Statistical analysis- All the values were represented as mean ± standard deviation. To test the statistically significant difference among the different temperature conditions, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Mann-Whitney U test with a Bonferroni correction was used to assess the significant difference among the days of exposure to different temperature treatments. We set statistical level of significance at p < 0.05. Statistical analyses ware carried out using Version 14.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(3): 415-420, December 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i3.44807

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the research indicated that water temperature had a significant effect on the growth performance and water quality parameters of mrigal. We studied the effects of temperature, growth, feed conversion efficiency in mrigal. The results indicate that the best water temperature for the growth of mrigal is 33°C and fish showed good growth performance. Taken altogether, this study settled that high temperature is stressful to Indian major carp mrigal.

Knowledge Management: Journal