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Optimization of somatic embryogenesis protocol for locally adapted eggplant (solanum melongena l.) varieties in Bangldesh

M. Ashraful Habib
Agriculture Research & Development, International Rice Research Institute, Bangladesh

M. Abdul Muktadir
Grain Legume Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, Centre for Carbon Water and Food (CCWF), 380 Werombi Road, Camden, Brownlow Hill, NSW 2570, Australia.

M. Rezwan Kabir
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Khaleque Mian
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706. Bangladesh

M. A. Yousuf Akhond
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five eggplant cultivars were cultured on MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D, resulting in the development of embryogenic calli. When the calli were sub-cultured onto growth regulator free MS, BARI Begun-4 produced the highest number of embryos (64) per explant followed by BARI Begun-1 (57). Later both the superior varieties in terms of embryo production were cultured on MS having 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D along with a control. BARI Begun-4 produced the highest number of embryos (67) on MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D which was closely followed by BARI Begun?1 (62). Regenerated plantlets were successfully established in soil following acclimation.

Keywords: Optimization, Somatic embryogenesis, Solanum melongena

Location: Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

To determine the Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis Protocol for Locally Adapted Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Varieties in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Seeds of four eggplant varieties BARI Begun-1, BARI Begun-4, BARI Begun-5, BARI Begun-6 and an elite local cultivar Islampuri were collected from the Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701. Seeds were first dipped into 100% ethanol for 20-30 seconds followed by 4 washings with sterile distilled water. After that Tween 20 (3-5 drops) were added in 100 ml 2% sodium hypochlorite solution (40% Clorox). Seeds were dipped in a 50 ml conical flask containing the prepared solution for 20 minutes with frequent shaking followed by 4 washings with sterile distilled water. Finally, 25 - 30 seeds were inoculated in each small jar containing 30 ml agar solidified half strength of MS with 3% sucrose for supporting seedling development and kept in dark for 8 - 10 days at 25°C and 60 - 70% relative humidity. Hypocotyl segments of 8 - 10 day old in vitro grown seedlings of aforementioned eggplant cultivars were used as explants. About 5 mm long segments taken from the apical portion of the hypocotyl were inoculated on culture media (Muktadir 2008) prepared as per treatment combinations. Culture conditions were maintained by keeping the cultures in dark for five weeks then transferred to light. Temperature was set at 25ºC with a light illumination of 2000-3000 lux from fluorescent lamps maintained under the photoperiod of (16L/8D) and at 60- 70% relative humidity. Initially the cultivars were evaluated for embryogenic response on medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D. Three replicates and 12 explants per replicate had been used. Fifty embryos per replicate were used for embryo germination and plantlet development. Later, two best performing varieties were tested against four different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l) of 2,4-D along with a control following the same methodology mentioned previously. The experiment was laid out in single factor CRD with three replications and results were analyzed by using MSTAT-C program. Differences among the means were compared following DMRT test at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 26(1): 77-83, 2016 (June).

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Percentage of in vitro embryo germination derived from different treatments also showed significant differences. Germination was maximum from 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D derived embryos for both the varieties which indicated statistical superiority to rest of the treatments. In vitro germinated embryos were successfully transferred to soil in pots following acclimated. Ex vitro establishment was the best in plantlets derived from 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D treatment and had no statistical difference with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D derived plantlets. The interaction of genotype and growth regulators in regeneration either organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis is a common phenomenon and in the present work this influence was clearly manifested in different phases of regeneration.

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