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Effect of Water, Nutrient and Weed Management on the Yield and Quality of Aromatic Boro Rice (cv. BRRI Dhan50)

S.K. Paul
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.C. Ray
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.A.R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

S.K. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during January to June 2016 to observe the effect of water, nutrient and weed management practices on the yield and quality of aromatic Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan50). The experiment consisted of three water managements viz. conventional flood irrigation, AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying) and SRI (System of Rice Intensification); two nutrient managements viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum, ZnSO₄@ 250, 120, 120, 100, 10 Kg ha^-1, respectively) and 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha^-1; and three weed managements viz. weedy check (control), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT, and pre-emergence herbicide (Rifit 33EC) followed by post emergence herbicide (Fast klin 10WP) application. The highest number of effective tillers hill^-1, grains panicle^-1,grain yield and protein (%) in grain were obtained in SRI water management which was followed by AWD and conventional flood irrigation. Between the two nutrient management practices, application of 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha^-1produced higher number of effective tillers hill^-1,grains panicle^-1,1000-grain weight, grain yield and protein (%) in grain than in organic fertilizer. Among the weed management practices, application of pre-emergence herbicide (Rifit 33EC) followed by post-emergence herbicide (Fast Klin 10WP) produced the highest number of effective tillers hill^-1,grains panicle^-1,1000-grain weight, grain yield and protein (%) in grain followed by two weeding at 20 and 40 DAT while the lowest grain yield was obtained in weedy check. The highest number of effective tillers hill^-1,grains panicle^-1,grain yield and protein (%) in grain was found in SRI water management combined with 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha^-1 and application of pre-emergence herbicide followed by post-emergence herbicide. So, it may be concluded that, to get the highest grain yield in aromatic Boro rice, SRI method along with application of 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha^-1 and applying pre-emergence herbicide (Rifit 33EC) followed by post emergence herbicide (Fast Klin 10WP) could be recommended.

Keywords: Yield, Grain, Aromatic Boro rice, Water, Nutrient, Weed

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2016

End Date: 00-06-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Weed management, Water management

Objectives:

To find out the effect of water, nutrient and weed management on the growth, yield and quality of aromatic Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan50).

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during January to June 2016 to study the effect of water, nutrient and weed management practices on the performance of aromatic Boro rice. The experimental field was located at 24^o75' N latitude and 90^o50' E longitude at an elevation of 18 m above the mean sea level. The experimental area belongs to non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil under the Sonatola soil series of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain in Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ- 9) (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The experimental field was medium high, fairly leveled with well drained soils. The soils of this series are pre-dominantly silty loam, dark grey in color having pH 6.5 and low in organic matter. The experiment comprised three water management viz. Conventional flood irrigation - (I₁), AWD (Alternate wetting and drying) - (I₂) and SRI (System of rice intensification) - (I₃); two levels of nutrient management viz. Recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum, ZnSO₄ @ 250, 120, 120, 100, 10 kg ha^-1 respectively) - (F₁) and 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha^-1 - (F₂), and there levels of weed management viz. weedy check (control) - (W₀), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 (Days after transplanting) DAT - (W₁₎ and application of Pre-emergence herbicide (Rifit 33EC) followed by post emergence herbicide (Fast Klin 10 WP) (W₂). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Eachunit plot size was 4.0 m × 2.5m. The rice var. BRRI dhan50 of aromatic Boro rice was used as the test crop. Sprouted seeds were sown in the nursery bed on 13 December 2015 for AWD and continuous flooding practices. In SRI method seeds were sown in 11 January 2016. The experimental plots were fertilized with as per experimental treatments. The entire amounts of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate and poultry manure were applied at final land preparation. Urea was applied in three equal installments at 15, 30 and 45 DAT. The seedlings were uprooted on 26 January 2016 without causing much mechanical injury to the roots and they were immediately transplanted in the well puddled main field at the rate of two seedlings hill^-1, maintaining row and hill distance of 25 cm and 15 cm in AWD and Conventional flooding systems. In case of SRI, single seedling hill^-1 was used 12-day old seedlings whereas conventional and AWD systems 30-day old seedlings were used. AWD is monitored the depth of irrigated water on the field using a ‘field water tube’ or magic pipe. It involves installation of a perforated pipe in the rice field to allow observation of water level. In this experiment, magic pipe was installed at 10 DAT. After irrigation, the depth of irrigation water will gradually decrease. When the irrigation water has dropped to 15 cm below the surface of the soil, irrigation was applied with 5 cm depth water. From one week before to one week after flowering, irrigation water was kept at 5 cm depth. After flowering, the water level was dropped again to 15 cm below the surface before irrigation. Water management was the most complicated variable in SRI method where rice crops are kept unflooded during vegetative growth with partial amount of water was applied to keep the soil moist.It was even allowed to dry out for 2 to 4 days during tillering to keep the soil well aerated and to allow better root growth. From panicle initiation (PI) to hard dough stage, a thin layer of water (2-3 cm) was kept on the plots. Again water was drained out from the plots during ripening stage. Data on weed population were recorded from each plot at 65 DAT by using 1 m² quadrate as per method described by Cruz et al. (1986). The weeds inside each quadrate were uprooted and cleaned, separated species-wise and dried first in the sun and then in an electrical oven for 72 hours at a temperature of 80 ^oC followed by weed dry weight of each plot was recorded by an electrical balance. The crop was harvested on 25 May, 30 May and 06 June 2016, respectively for conventional, AWD and SRI. The grains were cleaned and finally the weight was adjusted to a moisture content of 14%. The straw was sun dried and the yields of grain and straw plot^-1 were recorded and converted to t ha^-1. Harvest index indicates the ratio of economic yield (grain yield) to biological yield (grain yield + straw yield) and was calculated by the following formula: Harvest index (%) = Grain yield/ Biological yield x 100. Estimation of protein in grains was done by following Micro-Kjeldahl Method. Oven dried rice kernels were then put in polythene bags and kept in desiccators for subsequent chemical analysis for estimation of protein. Protein content (%) was estimated by Micro-Kjeldahl method (AOAC, 1984) at the Agri-Varsity Humboldt Soil Testing Laboratory of Soil Science Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The recorded data were compiled and tabulated for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was done with the help of computer package, MSTAT. The mean differences among the treatments were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 57-69

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i1.44937

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest number of effective tillers hill^-1, grains panicle^-1, grain yield and protein (%) in grain was found in SRI water management along with 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha^-1 and application of pre-emergence herbicide followed by post emergence herbicide. Therefore, it could be concluded that SRI method along with application of 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry @ 2.5 t ha^-1 and pre-emergence herbicide (Rifit 33 EC) followed by post-emergence herbicide (Fast Klin 10WP) may be recommended for higher grain yield and quality in terms of grain protein content in aromatic Boro rice cv. BRRI dhan50.

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