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Seed Harvesting at Different Maturity Stages of Siliqua on Seed Quality of Rapeseed-mustard Varieties

A.H.M.M.R. Talukder
Scientific Officer
Plant Physiology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. Biswas
Professor
Jashore University of Science & Technology, Jashore-7408

M.N.H. Miah
Professor
Dept. of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M.A. Kashem
Professor
Dept. of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

L. Nahar
Asstt. Professor
Dept. of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A laboratory experiment with three replicates was conducted at Plant Physiology Division research laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during November, 2015 to observe the seed quality of rapeseed-mustard by harvesting at different maturity stages of siliqua. Seeds were collected from siliqua of different rapeseed-mustard varieties and harvesting was made at different maturity stages based on their external color i.e., Green, pale yellow, Golden yellow and full maturity stage of siliqua. After harvesting of siliqua as per external color seeds were dried naturally about 48 hours and were packed in polythene and stored at laboratory environment for next season uses. Under laboratory condition seeds were evaluated in terms of moisture and germination percentage, speed of germination, root and shoot length, vigor index etc. Moisture content was found significantly at elevated level in respect of mustard varieties of BARI Sarisha-14 (V₂), BARI Sarisha-6 (V₃) and Tori-7 (V₄). The variety Tori-7 and BARI Sarisha-14 showed the highest vigor index-II & vigor index-I, respectively. Among the harvesting stages, most of the parameters showed the highest standards in seeds harvesting at full maturity of siliqua stage (H₄) followed by the golden yellow siliqua stage (H₃) and pale yellow siliqua stages seeds (H₂).Irrespective of rapeseed-mustard varieties seed collected from golden yellow and pale yellow siliqua stages could be stored up to twelve month for next season without significant loss in terms of germination percentage and vigor followed by full maturity stages of siliqua harvested seeds (H₄).

Keywords: Moisture percentage, Germination percentage, Vigor index, Rapeseed, Mustard, Speed

Location: Plant Physiology Division Laboratory under Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, and Gazipur- 1701

Start Date: 01-11-2015

End Date: 07-11-2015

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To investigate the seed quality of rapeseed-mustard cultivars at different stages of development and maturity.

Methodology:

The laboratory experiment was conducted at Plant Physiology Division Laboratory under Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, and Gazipur- 1701 (located in between 23°53' and 24°21' North latitudes and in between 90°09' and 92°39' East longitudes) during the period from 01 November to 07 November, 2015. Previously harvested of rapeseed-mustard seeds from four different maturity stages of siliqua were collected and these seeds were used as. H₁ = Green siliqua stage harvested seed (H₁ = BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha- 14, BARI Sarisha-6 and Tori-7 were harvested at 88, 66, 81 and 65 days after sowing), H₂ = pale yellow siliqua stage harvested seed (H₂ = BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-6 and Tori-7 were harvested at 98, 75, 90 and 74 days after sowing), H₃ = Golden yellow siliqua stage harvested seed (H₃ = BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-6 and Tori-7 were harvested at 104, 85, 100 and 85 days after sowing) and H₄ = Full maturity siliqua stage harvested seed (H₄ = BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-6 and Tori-7 were harvested at 109, 89, 103 and 89 days after sowing). The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design (Factorial) with three replications. The laboratory experiment was conducted just before observe the field performances of different harvesting stages seeds. Before initiate the laboratory experiment, collected seeds according to the treatment were preserved under freezing condition at 0 F (-18⁰C) or lower temperature. Twenty five seeds were picked up randomly from the each well-mixed seed lot. Enough care was taken for seed selection so that there is no causing biasness of results. Total forty eight Petri dishes were kept in a well-ventilated room at room temperature (⁰C) for certain period (07 days). Then, filter paper was placed in the Petridis and moistened by drops of water from a wash bottle before seed placement. Twenty five seeds according to treatments were placed in the Petri dishes and everyday counted the germinated seeds on the basis root and shoot appearance. According to ISTA (1976) the moisture content of seed sample was determined. A blank moisture cup along with its cover was weighed and then twenty gram of each seed sample of rapeseed-mustard variety was taken into moisture cup and put into a pre-heated oven at temperature of 130^.2⁰C for one hour. Then the weight of the container with its cover and contents were taken. According to ISTA (1976) germination percentages were carried out. Twenty five seeds were collected from each seed lot according to treatment and put them on blotting paper into the Petri dishes at room temperature. After a week normal (well developed primary root system, intact hypocotyls without damage, an intact plumule a well-developed green leaf), abnormal (damaged, deformed and diseased seedlings) were counted.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 121-130

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i1.44944

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Irrespective of rapeseed-mustard varieties seed collected from golden yellow stage of siliqua could be stored up to twelve month for next season without significant loss in terms of germination percentage and vigor followed by full maturity stages of siliqua harvested seeds (H₄). The results of this study could create the awareness among the rapeseed-mustard growers’ to harvest the crop earlier such as pale yellow or golden yellow color stage of siliqua before attainment of full maturity considering the time saving.

Knowledge Management: Journal