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Functional Relationship Between Grain Yield and Spikes Per Square Meter of Wheat as Influenced by Seed Rate Under Late Sown Condition

MAK Mian
Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur 1701

AA Begum
Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur 1701

RR Saha
Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur for five consecutive years (2014-2015 to 2018-2019) to establish a functional relationship between grain yield and spikes/m² of wheat at late sown condition. Variation of spikes/m² was created by five seed rates (90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 kg/ha). Pooled average value of spikes / m²was observed the highest (479-506) in 180-210 kg seed /ha. From the structural treatment, the highest grain yield (pooled average of 3876-4153 kg/ha ranged 3295-5028 kg/ha) of wheat was produced in the seed rate of 150-180 kg/ha. The estimated optimum seed rate was found 162.29 kg/ha with the estimated grain yield 3989 kg/ha of wheat at late sown condition through the developed function model of Y=485.91+43.17X-0.133X² (R²=0.87). Again, the estimate optimum spikes/m² was noticed 423 when the estimated grain yield of wheat was 4135 kg/ha at late sown condition through the developed functional model of Y=-2837+32.98X-0.039X² (R²=0.83). The grain yield would be increased about 13% as compared to recommended seed rate (120 kg/ha) of wheat. Spikes / m²had significant positive correlation with seed rate (r=0.79 at p=0.05) of wheat. Relationship between observed grain yield and predicted grain yield (when relationship between spikes/m² and grain yield) showed a good consistency (Y=1.0006X, R²=0.94 and r = 0.97 at p<0.01). From the results of the study it is concluded that 162 kg/ha of seed rate and 423 spikes / m² would be optimum for maximum yield) 4135 kg/ha) of wheat at late sown condition.

Keywords: Functional model, Grain yield, Spikes/m2, Wheat, Late sown

Location: Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To establish a functional relationship between grain yield and spikes/m² of wheat and to estimate the optimum spikes / m² for maximum grain yield at late sown condition

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur to establish a functional relationship between grain yield and spikes/m² of wheat at late sown condition. The experiment was conducted for five consecutive years of 2014-2015 to 2018- 2019. Variation of spikes/m² was created by five seed rates (90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 kg/ha). The wheat var. BARI Gom-30 was sown on 15-20 December (late sown condition) in 2014 - 2019. But the optimum sowing time of wheat is 15-30 November in Bangladesh (BARI, 2017). The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with four replications. Unit plot size was 8 m× 5 m. The crop was fertilized with 100-36-25-20-1.8-1.0 kg/ha of N-P-K-S-Zn-B (BARI, 2011). All the nutrients including two third of N were applied as basal. Rest one third of N was top dressed at CRI stage. Three irrigation were applied at 20 days after emergence (DAE), 60 DAE and 80 DAE. Crop field was weeded at 25 DAE by spading. The crop was harvested on 27-31 March in 2014-- 2019. Data on crop yield and yield components of wheat were recorded. There was no blast infection in the experimental field. Attempt was made to establish functional relationship between grain yield and spikes /m² of wheat using the quadratic equation like Y= a + bx - cx². Optimum seed rate and spikes / m²could be estimated with the following formula from the developed functional model. Optimum seed rate and spikes / m²=-b/2c (where b and c are the coefficients). The experiment was repeated for the consecutive five years to get sufficient data for establishing the functional relationship. Five years’ data on spikes/m² and grain yield of wheat from 2014-2015 to 2018-2019 were used to develop functional relationship. Some important yield components of wheat were recorded and presented on the basis of year wise and combined analysis (only combined effect). The data was subjected to statistical analysis (year wise and combined) and mean values were compared by LSD (0.05).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 105-113

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i1.44942

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the structural treatment, the highest grain yield (pooled of 3876-4153 kg/ha ranged 3295-5028 kg/ha) of wheat was produced with 150-180 kg seed/ha. The estimated optimum seed rate was 162.29 kg/ha when the estimated grain yield was 3989 kg/ha of wheat at late sown condition through the developed function. Furthermore, the estimated optimum spikes/m²was 423 with the estimated grain yield of 4135 kg/ha of wheat at late sown condition through the developed function. Then the grain yield would be increased about 13% as compared to recommended seed rate (120 kg/ha) of wheat. About 162 kg/ha of seed rate may be recommended for late sown wheat.

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