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Effects of Supplemented Diets on the Growth Performance and Nutrient Contents of Gulsha Tengra, Mystus Cavasius

Kaniz Fatema
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Md. Farukul Islam
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Nahid Sultana
Zoology Section, Biological Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

Badhan Saha
Soil and Environmental Section, Biological Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To evaluate the effects of two diets on the growth performance and nutrient contents of gulsha, Mystus cavasius was conducted. Growth performance of gulsha was found maximum in rice bran and spirulina feed (treatment T1) and the lowest was observed in commercial feed (treatment T2). Specific growth rate of gulsha was higher in treatment T1 than treatment T2. Treatment T1 had the best proximate composition (moisture 77.28%, ash 3.45%, lipid 4.31% and protein content 15.05%) and nutrient contents (calcium 115.6 mg/100g, phosphorous 166.7 mg/100g, potassium 207.23 mg/100g, magnesium 25.97 mg/100g, iron 1.85 mg/100g and manganese 0.23mg/100g). Therefore, it was found to be better option to produce healthy fish for human consumption

Keywords: Growth performance, Nutrient contents, Gulsha fish, Spirulina feed

Location: Zoology Section, Biological Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to find out the growth performance by using two types of feed and to compare the growth and nutrient composition of Mystus cavasius reared in different tanks.

Methodology:

The experiment was undertaken in four small concrete tanks at Zoology Section, Biological Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). Two feeds were used in this experiment to determine their effects on growth performance and nutrient contents of gulsha. Two tanks were used for each treatment. Fry of gulsha were collected from Adorsho Hatchery, Treshal, Mymenshing and transported in oxygenated bags with water. Experimental design: Four small concrete tanks of 10.00 × 6.00 × 2.25 feet were used in experimental system. Each tank was filled in with 650 litre tap water. Each tank was stocked with 265 fingerlings. After transport, the fry were acclimatized for sometimes in clean water. Then fingerlings were released slowly into the tank. No feed was given on first day. From the second day of stocking, feed was given to the tank at a rate of 10% of body weight of the fish. Feed quantity was decreased in every subsequent month by 8, 7 and 6%, respectively. In Treatment 1, rice bran (collected from local market; used directly on the basis of body weight of fish and used twice in a day and spirulina feed (live spirulina cultured at BCSIR, and from that about 3.0 litres was applied each month two times at 15 days interval ) were used while commercial feed was used in Treatment 2. Physico-chemical parameters: Physico-chemical parameters were measured at every 7 days interval. Water temperature (ºC) from each tank was measured by using ordinary thermometer. Dissolved oxygen concentration was measured by a dissolved oxygen meter (Model Oxi 3150i, Germany). pH was measured by pH meter (Jenway, Model 3020, United Kingdom). Growth parameters: Growth of the fish samples were measured after 30 days interval. Lengths of the fingerlings were measured with measuring scale and weight with weighing balance. Twenty samples were measured randomly at a time. After recording length and weight, fingerlings were slowly released into the labeled tank water. Feed were supplied as per experimental design. The tank was also cleaned every month. Growth of the fingerlings was measured consequently four times at the interval of 30 days. Experiment was continued up to 9 months (culture 5 months and 4 months analysis). The following parameters were used to evaluate the growth and measured. Fish sample preparation for minerals analysis: Four fish samples were collected from the four experimental tanks and kept in sealed polypropylene bags at room temperature. The fish was then meshed and 5 gm of meshed wet sample was taken into an oven; dried at 60ºC for 48 hrs and then it was grinded. One gm of dry sample was taken in a beaker and 10 ml of nitric acid was mixed with the sample. The mixer was then put into fume chamber and digested at 80ºC until the solution became clear and added 5 ml perchloric acid. Then the solution was diluted to 50 ml deionized water and was filtered and collected into clean and sterilized plastic bottles for further analysis. Laboratory assay: Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu contents of the fish samples were analyzed by using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Model No.: AA-7000, Shimadzu, Japan). The phosphorus in the sample was measured with UV/VIS Spectrophotometry. The Potassium in the sample was measured with Flame photometer.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(1): 61-71, 2017 ISSN: 0304-9027 (print) 2408-8455 (online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest average daily gain (ADG = 0.527) of gulsha fingerling was observed in treatment T1 at fourth month and the lowest value (ADG = 0.001) in Treatment T2 at third month. Increased ADG of the fish suggested that the fish were able to regulate osmotic pressure of the body fluid; the more the osmo-regulatory adaptation, lesser the difference between the compositions and pressures of the internal fluid of the organism and its external environment. Moreover, ADG value relies on size of fish, sex, age and physiological condition. Specific growth rate (SGR): The highest specific growth rate (SGR = 3.396) of gulsha fingerling was observed in treatment T2 at first month. During the three months of rearing period the SGR was also observed lowest (SGR = 0.160) in treatment T2. The maximum value of SGR found at T2 at first month during rearing period of gulsha fingerlings while the minimum value was found at T1 at third month. This finding is in conformity with Medawars (1945) fifth law “the specific growth rate declines more and more slowly as the organism increases in age” at the various conditions. Minot (1990) reported that the specific growth rate is the highest for most of the animals early in life and then it typically decreases with increasing age, becoming zero in some animals. During the rearing period the lowest value was observed (FCR = 0.75 ± 0.539)) in Treatment T2 at first month. In this study, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of gulsha fingerlings was different at the two treatments. Moreover, the highest value of FCR was found at treatment T2 and the lowest one at T1. The efficiency of FCR depends on many factors but the best response is probably strongly related to optimize the environment. The growth rate, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency was found the highest values at treatment T2. Moisture content: Percentage of moisture in gulsha fish with different kinds of feeds. It was observed that moisture content in gulsha fingerlings fed with commercial feed was higher 78.69% at the treatment T2. The moisture content of fingerlings fed with rice bran and spirulina was 77.28%. Thus, moisture content in present study is in a good agreement with the values reported in all these previous studies. Ash content: (Mean ± SEM) in gulsha fish cultured for four months with two different treatments. The higher ash content (3.45%) was found in fish samples fed with the rice bran and spirulina. Whereas, the lower ash content (3.15%) was found in fish samples fed by commercial feed. Ash content was found the highest at T1 and the lowest in T2. Lipid content: The percentage of lipid in gulsha fingerlings fed with different feeds are shown. Lipid content was found to be in the range of (4.612.09%). The higher percentage was found in fish fed with rice bran and spirulina (4.31) while the lower percentage was observed in fish fed with commercial feed (2.17). Protein content: Percentage of crude protein for gulsha fish. Protein content was found to be in the range of (14.85 - 15.05%). The higher protein content was found in T1 (15.05%), while the lower in T2 (14.85%). Protein content is subjected to the variation of factors such as size, sex, habitat, physiological condition and also season. Physicochemical parameters: Physicochemical parameters are important to enhance the growth of fish in aquaculture. In this investigation the average temperature of water was recorded (28.75 ± 0.104ºC), the average of dissolved oxygen was (8.15 ±.147 mg/l), the range of pH was (8.23 ± 0.0574). Minerals (Calcium, potassium phosphorus, Iron, Manganese and magnesium) analysis of fish sample: The higher value of calcium (115.6 mg/100 g of fish) was found in the fingerlings fed with rice bran and spirulina in T1 while the lower value (112.32 mg/100 g of fish) was observed in those fed with commercial feed. Growth performance of gulsha can survive with the different types of physiochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, and DO. From the experiment it was observed that the length and weight of gulsha fish varied with different feeds. The best growth performance was found in rice bran and spirulina. Rice bran and spirulina has the best proximate composition for human nutritional interest and thus it was found to be the better option to produce healthy fish for human consumption.

Knowledge Management: Journal