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Effects of Lead on Growth, Yield and Mineral Nutrition of Rice (oryza Sativa L.)

P Jasmin
Department of Soil Science, Mirpur Bangla College, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh

WZ Prian
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

MN Mondol
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

SM Ullah
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

AS Chamon
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of lead (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg kg^-1) on rice (Oryza sativa) and remediation of metal contamination by applying cow dung, poultry litter and lime to alleviate lead toxicity. The lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoot, root and macronutrients decreased with increasing level of lead compared to the control. The maximum reduction was observed in the pots treated with 200 mg kg^-1 lead (19.50 and 20.03% for grain, 17.15 and 19.75% for shoot and 17.96 and 30.02% for root on the fresh and dry weight, respectively). The highest reduction in macronutrient content was observed in 200 mg kg^-1 lead treated pot where N, P, K, Ca and Mg concentrations were reduced by 31.14, 47.44, 22.49, 21.84 and 31.58% for shoot and 28.95, 55.64, 37.5, 49.33 and 23% for root, respectively. On the other hand lead concentration in roots and shoots were increased with increasing lead treatment compared to the control. Treatments of the amendments (cow dung, poultry litter and lime) had positive effects though cow dung outshining the rest of them. This particular organic matter had considerable decreasing impacts in lead uptake by rice. Cow dung treated pots increased fresh and dry weight by 31.48 and 32.07% for grain, 14.08 and 35.30% for shoot and 57.09 and 34.48% for root compared to pot treated with 100 mg kg^-1 lead. Cow dung remediated lead concentration by 48.85, 65.00 and 62.00% for grain, shoot and root, respectively.

Keywords: Lead; Amendments; Cow dung; Poultry litter; Lime; Bridhan-49, Rice

Location: Agro-ecological zone, Madhupur Tract

Start Date: 00-06-2011

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer and manures, Rice, Heavy metal

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of lead on rice and remediation of metal contamination by applying cow dung, poultry litter and lime to alleviate lead toxicity.

Methodology:

Pot experiments were conducted at the experimental field of Soil Science Department, Government Bangla College, Mirpur, Dhaka during June, 2011 to June, 2012. The soils used for pot experiments belongs to Belabo series under the Agro-ecological zone, Madhupur Tract (AEZ-28) comprising of moderately well drained, yellow-brown, mottled clays occupying level upland sites. Physical, chemical and physico-chemical properties of the experimental soil were determined (according to Jackson, 1962 and Black, 1965) (texture: silt loam, pH: 6.05, Ec: 105.4 ms, % organic matter: 0.79 and total lead: 10 mg kg^-1. (Must quote individual reference for each parameter) Pot experiments were conducted with uncontaminated above mentioned soil to study the effects of different doses of lead (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg} and the ameliorating effects of cow dung, poultry litter and lime on rice (Bridhan-49). Plastic pots were filled with 8 kg soil with three replications of each treatment and arranged in completely randomized design. Basal dose of fertilizers were added at medium rate for rice (3 plants/pot, another sentence) (BARC 2012) Rewrite mentioning the rates. The crops were harvested at maturity. Treatment of lead was applied as lead acetate (dissolved in water). Second pot experiment was done to follow remediation of lead by using cow dung, poultry litter and lime at the rate of 20, 20 and 5 t/ha, respectively. Soil samples were digested with HCl:HNO₃ (3:1), and plant samples with a HNO₃:HClO₄ (5:1) mixture in closed systems. All elements were measured in the extracts by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The collected data on plant parameters and mineral nutrition were statistically analyzed by using ANOVA (analysis of variance) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in IBM SPSS statistics version 20 as outlined by Gomez and Gomez (1984). The letter was used for testing the significant of variation between mean values. The 0.05 level of probability was chosen for the statistical judgment.

Source of Information: J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 83-92

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v5i2.44918

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From this study it can be concluded that the amendments used were suitable for controlling lead contamination and increasing yield. Lead contamination in the grain, shoot and root was ameliorated significantly by applying the amendments especially cow dung which is available and affordable and has positive influence in improving the physical and chemical properties of soil as well as the other two additives. Overall the inflow of metals in agricultural fields needs to avoid, otherwise it will contribute to accumulate metals in human tissues through food chain transfer. Most importantly social awareness must be encouraged to reduce lead toxicity as most of this pollution occurs through anthropogenic causes.

Knowledge Management: Journal