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Optimization of Nitrogen Requirement for Better Growth and Yield of Brinjal (solanum Melongena L.)

Shaila Sharmin
College of Agricultural Sciences, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230

Lutfor Rahman
College of Agricultural Sciences, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture Sciences, Agriculture Research Field of International University of Business Agriculture and Technology (IUBAT), Uttara, Dhaka, to optimize nitrogen requirements for growth and yield response of brinjal (S. melongena). There were six treatments of urea viz., 0, 275, 300, 325, 350 and 375 kg ha^-1 and the experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The texture of the experimental soil was sandy loam and fertility status was very low. Parameters measured include: plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, leaf area, number of branches plant^-1, number of flower clusters plant^-1, number of flowers plant^-1, fruit diameter, fruits length, number of fruits plant^-1, fruit weight and yield. Present study results revealed that application of the highest dose of urea showed positive significant influence on growth and reproductive characters of brinjal (S. melongena). Similarly, yield and yield contributing characters of brinjal (S. melongena) increased with the increasing rates of urea. The highest yield (18.0 ton ha^-1) was obtained from the application of 375 kg ha^-1 urea, while the lowest yield (10.1 ton ha^-1) was found from the control treatment. Thus, the overall study results suggested that 375 kg ha^-1 urea performed the best in context Agriculture Research Field soils of IUBAT, Uttara, Dhaka. The study concluded that before final recommendation of the application dose, further study is needed in different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Brinja. Growth, yield, Optimization, Nitrogenous fertilizer

Location: College of Agriculture Sciences, Agriculture Research Field of International University of Business Agriculture and Technology (IUBAT), Uttara, Dhaka

Start Date: 10-05-2016

End Date: 10-08-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Brinjal

Objectives:

To optimize nitrogen requirement for cultivation of brinjal.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research Field of International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector 10, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh during the period from May 10 to Aug 10, 2016 in Kharif season. Geographically the experimental field is located at 23.8883°N latitude and 90.3909° E longitude. The experiment was set up on the medium high land in an open and sunny area. The texture of the soil was sandy loam and the pH was 7.6. The climate of the area is characterized by high temperature and medium rainfall with an annual rainfall of 119-145 cm during April to August and little or no rainfall during September to March. There were six treatments of urea viz. T₀ (control), T₁ (275 kg ha^-1), T₂ (300kg ha^-1), T₃ (325kg ha^-1), T₄ (350kg ha^-1) and T₅ (375kg ha^-1). Urea was applied to the plot in three equal splits at 20, 40 and 60 days after transplanting. The experiment was laid out as randomized complete block design (RCBD). The experimental area is divided into 4 blocks representing the 4 replications and each replication was divided into 6 plots which were equal in size i.e. 0.25m² (0.5m × 0.5m). Thus, total number of plots was 24 (6×4). Within each replication, 6 plots were assigned with six nitrogen (urea) treatments which were randomly distributed. There were 40 cm and 30 cm gaps from block to block and plot to plot for intercultural operations, respectively. Fertilizers applied in the plots as recommended for high yield goal and very low soil fertility status as described in Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG, 2012). The recommended doses of phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, zinc and cow dung were 42, 105, 18, 2.5 kg ha^-1 and 5 ton ha^-1, respectively. Nutrient elements were applied from triple superphosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum and zinc sulphate fertilizers, respectively. Potassium was applied in three equal splits at 20, 40 and 60 days after transplanting along with the treatments of urea as mentioned in FRG (2012). Brinjal (S. melongena) variety BARI Begun-8 was used for the experiment. Seeds of this variety were collected from the Horticulture Division of Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. After collection, seedlings were grown in pots and then 30 days old brinjal (S. melongena) seedlings were transplanted on the experimental field. Intercultural operations viz. weeding, irrigation, disease and pest management were done using traditional methods as and when necessary. Sex pheromone trap was used in the experimental field for controlling brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Data on growth, yield and yield contributing characters were recorded from each plot and total yield was calculated through average plant yield by multiplying plant population. Then collected data were analyzed statistically using Minitab 17.

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 4(1): 33-38 (2019)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2019.040105

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This investigation concluded that the brinjal (S. melongena) fruit yield and yield contributing characters showed significant positive influence with the increasing rates of urea. The highest fruit yield of brinjal (S. melongena) was recorded from the application of 375 kg ha^-1 urea, while the lowest yield was found from the control treatment. Hence, the present study results suggested that 375 kg ha^-1 urea performed the best in context Agriculture Research Field soils of IUBAT, Uttara, Dhaka. However, fertilizer recommendation in future should be site, location and variety specific. The study finally concluded that before final optimization of the application dose, further study is needed in different seasons and agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal