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Productivity and Profitability of Mandarin Cultivation in Selected Areas of Bangladesh

M.I.Kaysar
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

S. Khandoker
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

M.S. Islam
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Ishwardi-6620

M.S. Mia
Minor Irrigation Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), Dhaka

A. K. M. G. Kausar
Dept. of Agribusiness Management, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in three districts namely Panchagarh, Bandarban and Moulovibazar to know the production technology of mandarin cultivation and to estimate profitability and identify the constraints of mandarin cultivation. A total of 99 farmers taking 33 from each district were selected randomly. Data were collected through a pre-tested schedule during January-March, 2016. Cost and return analysis revealed that mandarin cultivation was profitable in the study areas. The highest cost was estimated Tk. 215293/ha in 16-20^th year garden and lowest cost Tk.119993/ha in 2-4^th year garden. Highest yield was found 16020 kg/ha at 11-15^th year garden followed by 13800 kg/ha at 16-20^th year garden and lowest yield 11100 kg/ha at 5-10^th year garden. The highest gross return was found in Tk. 640800/ha at 11-15^th year garden and lowest return was Tk. 444000 at 5-10^th year garden. The highest amount of net return was found in the Tk.435859/ha at 11-15^th year garden and lowest return was Tk. 235286 in 5-10^th year garden. The benefit cost ratio at 12% rate of interest was 1.68, NPV Tk. 920401 and IRR 30%. Sensitivity analysis implied that mandarin cultivation is profitable.Scarcity of irrigation in hill areas, acute problem of insect/pest infestation, lack of improved production technology, poor quality and scarcity of seedlings/saplings, lack of capital for initial investment and low yield of different varieties were found major constraints for mandarin cultivation in the study areas.

Keywords: Mandarin, Profitability, Socio-economic status, Constraints, Recommendation

Location: Three mandarin growing districts Panchagarh, Bandarban and Moulovibazar

Start Date: 00-01-2016

End Date: 00-03-2016

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mandarin

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to know the production practice, profitability and constraints of mandarin.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in three mandarin growing districts Panchagarh, Bandarban and Moulovibazar during January-March, 2016. Sadar upazilla from Panchagarh district, juriupazilla from Moulovibazar district and ruma upazilla from Bandarban district were selected for the study. Purposive random sampling technique was followed for the study. A total of 99 samples, 33 from each district were randomly selected for interview. Data were collected by the experienced field investigators with direct supervision of the researchers using pre-tested interview schedule. Data were categorized according to the year of cultivation like 1^st year, 2-4^th year, 5-10^th year, 11-15^th year and 16-20^th year. Collected data were edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study.Tabular methods of analysis using descriptive statistics were used in presenting the results of the study. Benefit-Cost Analysis is a technique for evaluating a project or investment by comparing the economic benefits with the economic costs of the activity. BCA can be used to evaluate the economic merit of a project. The results from a series of benefit-cost analysis can be used to compare competing projects. BCA can be used to assess business decision, examine the worth public investments, or assess the wisdom of using natural resources or altering environmental conditions. Ultimately, BCA aims to examine potential actions with the objective of increasing social welfare (Gittinger, 1982). NPV: The net present value (NPV) is the current value of all project net benefits.Net benefits are simply the sum of benefits minus costs. The sum is discounted at the discount rate. Using this method, if the project has a NPV greater than zero then it appears to be a good candidate for implementation. IRR: The internal rate of return (IRR) is the maximum interest that could be paid for the project resources, leaving enough money to cover investment and operating to break even. In other words, the IRR is the discount rate for which the present of total benefits equal the present value of total cost. In generally the IRR should be greater than the discount rate for a project to be accepted.

Source of Information: J. Biosci. Agric. Res. 14(01): 1174-1182

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.140117.144

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Farmers in the study areas used one year aged saplings, planting time June and July, average plant to plant distance 3.33 meters. Farmers applied different doses of manures and fertilizers according to plant age but it is below the recommendation doses in all study areas. Main cost items was found human lobour cost but maximum labour supplied from own family. The benefit cost ratio, net present value and internal rate of return indicate that farmers were benefited for cultivation of mandarin in both hill regions and plain land. By doing sensitivity analysis it is clear that mandarin growers can make profit under changing situations.The saplings of mandarin should be made locally available to the farmers. So, Government should encourage BADC and nursery owners to produce mandarin sapling locally and supply to the farmers at reasonable price. BARI should develop improved location specific varieties and advance production technology of mandarin so that government should take initiatives to disseminate it to the farmers. Insect/pest infestation should be controlled through proper management. Government should ensure credit facilities through both institutional and non-institutional sources for mandarin cultivation. Regular training should be arranged to the farmers for the development of their knowledge about improved cultivation practices and adopted new technology.

Knowledge Management: Journal