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Bacteria Laden Street Food (chatpati) and Their Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index

Farhana Islam Khan
Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100, Bangladesh

Mihir Lal Saha
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The bacteria associated with street food Chatpati and their multi-drug resistance pattern were investigated. The highest bacterial load of solid part of Chatpati was recorded on NA as 1.07×10⁵ - 9.7×10⁵ cfu/g followed by 1.55×10⁴ - 4.05×10⁵ cfu/g on EMB. In case of liquid part (Spicy tamarind) maximum load was 3.1×10² - 6.4×10⁴ cfu/ml on SS agar. The bacterial isolates were provisionally identified as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Enterobactor sp., Micrococcus variens, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Salmonella paratyphi A. Multiple antibiotic resistance index (MRI) was found between 14.28 and 71.43%. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp. and Salmonella paratyphi A showed the highest MRI percentage. Bacterial high loads and the presence of many enteric bacteria indicated significant food contamination. The presence of multi-drug resistant bacteria is very much alarming for the city dwellers habituated with the popular snacks like Chatpati.

Keywords: Bacteria, Street food, Chatpati, Contamination, Multiple antibiotic resistance index

Location: Dhaka University campus, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Food Safety and Security

Commodity: Quality

Objectives:

To identify the Bacteria Laden Street Food (Chatpati) and their Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index

Methodology:

In total eight Chatpati samples were collected from different vendors in and around Dhaka University campus. Samples were categorized into two parts viz. the liquid tamarind soup part and the solid part of chickpea, mashed potato etc. The liquid and the solid part were collected separately in sterile PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) bottles and polythene bags. The samples were labeled properly and brought to the laboratory as soon as possible and analyzed within one hr of collection. Collected samples were preserved in a refrigerator at 4°C before and after the microbiological analysis. The pH of the samples was measured by a pH meter. Nutrient agar (NA) medium was used for the enumeration and isolation of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria while MacConkey agar (Difco), Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar and Eosine Methelene Blue (EMB) agar media were used for the enteric bacteria. Serial dilution technique (Clesceri et al. 1998) was used for the isolation of microorganisms. Plating in duplicated plates was made for each diluted sample. The plates were then incubated at 37°C in an incubator (Memmert GmbH + Co Kg 8540 Sehwabach) for 24 hrs. After incubation colonies were counted by a colony counter (Digital colony counter, DC-8 OSK 100086, Kayagaki, Japan). Following standard manuals Gram stain and essential biochemical tests were performed. Characterization and identification of the isolates were made through standard microbiological methods (Sneath et al. 1986, WHO 1987). Antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out against seven common antibiotics viz. streptomycin (10 µg); gentamycin (10 µg); rifampicin (5 µg); vancomycin (30 µg); polymixin B (300 µg); penicillin g (10µg); neomycin (30 µg) by disc diffusion method and multiple antibiotic resistant index (MRI, %) was determined using the formula: MRI% = (No. of antibiotics to which pathogen showed resistance) / (No. of antibiotics used) x 100.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(4): 599-604, 2015 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

MRI in Shigella dysenteriae followed by Enterobacter sp., Staphylcoccus sp. and Streptococcus faecalis, which is very much similar to our present study. The presence of E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Enterobacter etc. and the multiple drug resistant bacteria associated with Chatpati indicated significant health hazardous. Therefore, it could be concluded that Chatpati sold in the streets is not safe for the consumers and needs immediate public awareness both for consumers and the vendors.

Knowledge Management: Journal