Md. Rashedur Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202
Md. Parvez Anwar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202
Iffat Ara Mahzabin
Department of Agricultural Extension Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh – 2202
Agronomic management, Black rice, Hidden hunger,
Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh
Crop-Soil-Water Management
The study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from December 2015 to May 2016. The experimental site is located at 240 75´ N latitude and 900 50´ E longitude in the south-west part of Brahmaputra at an elevation of 18 m above the sea level. This site belongs to non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil under the agro- ecological zone Old Brahmaputra Floodplain. Kongnam ene, Gelong ni and Gelon se, are three hilly rice cultivars and a local rice cultivar named Nazirshail were used as the test crop in this experiment. The seeds of the three black rice varieties were collected from Bandarban hill district of Bangldesh. The plain land cultivar used in this experiment was Nizershail. The main characteristic features of the rice cultivars are discussed below: Kongnam ene is a black rice variety which includes a long history of cultivation in Southeast Asian countries such as China, India and Thailand (Kong et al., 2008). The pericarp (outer part) of kernel of this rice color is black due to a pigment known as anthocyanin, an antioxidant. Brown rice has also many health benefits. It is a transplant aman rice cultivar and matures after 90 days after transplanting with average yield 3.0-3.5 t ha-1. Life cycle of this variety ranges from 95-105 days, which however may vary due to changes in climatic condition. The plant height is 90-95 cm and the cultivar is of non-lodging type. It is some- what resistant to pests and diseases and especially blast disease. Gelong ni and Gelong se are rice variety traditionally cultivated in hilly upland area. This rice varieties are short duration variety. It matures after 110-120 days of transplanting. Plant Height is higher than the other two varieties tested. So, the plant some- times lodges before panicle matures. Plant height is usually around 120 cm. The hull and bran around the kernel are brown in color Yield is about 4.1 t ha-1. Both these rice varieties are a good source of magnesium, phosphorus, selenium, thiamin, niacin and vitamin B6, and an excellent source of manganese, with 88 percent of our daily manganese in just one cup cooked. The morphological and nutritional characteristics are almost same for these two varieties except the thousand grain weight. The thousand grain weight of variety Gelong ni is little higher than that of Gelong se. Nazirshail is a transplant aman rice. It is grown locally to consume as white rice. Plant height is usually about 150 cm. No of tillers is 6-7. Yield is about 3.5-4.0 t ha-1. It is a long duration variety (135-145 days). This variety is resistant to leaf blight and sheath rot diseases. This rice variety can cope with water logging condition. The land was first opened with a tractor drawn disc plough on 01 May 2016. After two days, the land was irrigated slightly and subsequent ploughings and cross ploughings were given and leveled by laddering. The field layout was made on 01 July 2016 according to experimental specification immediately after final land preparation. Weeds and stubbles were cleared off from individual plots and finally plots were leveled properly by wooden ladder so that no water pocket could remain in the field. Twenty eight days old seedlings were carefully uprooted from nursery bed and transplanted in the plots according to the treatments maintaining a spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm. Three healthy seedlings were transplanted in each hill. Various intercultural operations viz., irrigation, weeding, disease and pest management etc. were done as and when necessary to ensure and maintain the favorable condition for normal plant growth and development of crop. There were two experiments conducted at the same time. The first experiment consisted of two factors such as Factor A: black rice varieties, viz., i) Galong se and ii) Gelong ni and Factor B: Planting date, viz., i) July 20, ii) August 5, iii) August 20, iv) September 5, v) September 20 and vi) October 5. The second experiment consisted of also with two factors. Factor A: black rice varieties, viz., i) Kongnam ene ii) Gelong se and iii) Nazirshail rice and Factor B: Fertilizer management viz., i) No fertilizer ii) 50% of recommended dose (RD) of fertilizers of a local aman rice variety, iii) 75% of RD of fertilizers of a local aman rice variety, iv) 100% of RD of fertilizers of a local aman rice variety, v) 125% of RD of fertilizers of a local aman rice variety and vi) 150% of RD of fertilizers of a local aman rice variety. The first experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Thus total number of plots were 36 (2 × 6 × 3). Each plot size was 10 m2 (4m × 2.5m). The unit plots were uniformly fertilized with, urea, triple superphos- phate, muriate of potash and gypsum according to the recom- mended dose of any local aman rice variety. All intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. The second experiment was also laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Thus total number of plots were (3×6×3) =54. Each plot size was 10 m2 (4m × 2.5m). The unit plots were fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum according to the treatments. All intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. The crop was harvested at full maturity. The date of harvesting was confirmed when 90% of the grain became golden yellow in color. Five hills (excluding the border hills) were selected randomly from each individual plot and uprooted before harvesting for recording data., After sampling the whole crops were harvested in each plot. The harvested crop of each plot was separately bundled properly tagged and brought to the threshing floor for threshing. The harvested crop were threshed manually. The grains were cleaned and dried to a moisture content of 14%. Straws were sun dried properly. Final grain and straw yields plot-1 were recorded and converted to ton ha-1. To get the information regarding nutrient contents of the rice varieties the grain was chemically analyzed through the standard process of chemical analysis. The nutrient elements included soluble CHO (%), crude protein (%), crude fibre (%), crude fat (%), ash (%), Fe (ppm) and Zn (ppm). Data were compiled and tabulated in proper form for statistical analysis. The recorded data were statistically analyzed to find out the significance of variation resulting from the experimental treatments. All the collected data were analyzed using the statistical software R.
Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 4(2): 198-205 (2019)
Journal