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Effects of Rate and Method of Urea on the Growth and Yield of T. Aman Rice

Humayra Siddiqua
Dept. of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Monjur Hasan
Vegetable Division, BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre, Gazipur-1701

A. K. M. Sajjadul Islam
Hybrid Rice Division, BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre, Gazipur-1701

Pangkaj Kumar Rai
Dept.of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural

Md. Asif Rahman
Dept.of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during T. Aman 2010 with a view to investigate the effect of rate and method of urea application on the yield and yield components of transplanted aman rice cv. BRRI dhan46. The experiment comprises of two methods of urea application and five rates of urea fertilizer. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications and the data collected on 10 parameters. The results showed that the method of urea application had significant effect on number of total tillers per hill, number of effective tillers per hill, number of grains per panicle, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. The highest grain yield (4.66 t/ha) was recorded with split application of urea fertilizer. The effect of urea rate had significant influence on most of the plant characters except panicle length and 1000 grains weight. The highest grain yield (5.07 t/ha) was produced in U1 (140 kg urea/ha). The interaction between rate and method of urea application also significantly influenced most of the parameter studied. The highest grain yield (5.15 t/ha)was recorded with the interaction combination of M1U1 (split application of urea @ 140 kg urea/ha).

Keywords: Oryza sativa L., Urea doses, Application methods, Effects

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2010

End Date: 00-12-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

The present study was designed to study the interaction of rate and method of urea application on the yield and yield components of BRRI dhan46

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during aman season starting from July 2010 to December 2010. The two factors experiment included the following treatments: Factor A: different 5 rates of urea fertilizer: viz. U1= 140 kg/ha, U2= 160 kg/ha, U3= 160 kg/ha, U4= 200 kg/ha and U5= 200 kg/ha and Factor B: different 2 types methods of urea fertilizer application: viz.M1= split application (4 times) done at 10 DAT, 30 DAT, 50 DAT and 70 DAT and M2= spraying (4 times) done at 10 DAT, 30 DAT, 50 DAT and 70 DAT.The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The whole experimental area was divided into four blocks. Each block was divided into 10 unit plots of 4m×2.5m size each. Thus,the total No. of unit plots were 40 (4×10). The distance maintained between two unit plots was 0.75m and between blocks was 1m. The bunds around individual plots were made to control water movement between plots. The treatments were randomly allocated.The land was fertilized with urea as per treatment specification. In addition, Triple super phosphate, Muriate of potash, Gypsum and Zinc sulphate were applied in all plots @ 100, 70, 60 and 10 kg/ha, respectively, during final land preparation.For each method, urea dose was applied in 4 splits with equal share-10, 30, 50 and 70 days after transplanting during the life cycle of BRRI dhan46. In case of split application, ¼th amount of prilled urea is Broadcast for each time and in case of spray application, ¼th portion of total urea was dissolved in 5L of water and then sprayed on the foliage using hand sprayer at 10, 30 50 and 70 days after transplanting. Three seedlings/hill were transplanted maintaining the spacing of 25cm×15cm. Intensive care was taken during the growing period to ensure adequate growth and development of the crop. Weeding depends on the infestation of weeds in the field. Before split and spray application of urea, the plots were made weed free. No irrigation was given to the plots as there was abundant rainfall during the growing period. Data were collected on plant height (cm), number of total tillers/hill, number of effective tillers/hill, panicle length (cm), number of grains/panicle, weight of 1000 grains (g), grain yield (kg), straw yield (kg), biological yield (kg) and harvest index (%). Data on different parameters were compiled and tabulated in proper form for statistical analysis. “Analysis of variance” was done with the help of computer package MSTAT. The mean differences among the treatments were tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez & Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J. Biosci. Agric. Res. 08(01): 710-717

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.18801/jbar.080116.84

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that transplanted aman rice cv. BRRI dhan46 may be fertilized with the rate of U1(urea) @ 140 kg/ha for getting higher yield in the amanseason.Method of application is very important particularly in case of nutrient like nitrogen which is essential for different growth stages of the crop. The result discussed in this experiment shows that split method of urea application support higher grain yield (4.66 t/ha) compared with the spray method. So, split method is better than spray method. Among the five rates of urea the result revealed that, U1 (140 kg/ha), U2 (160 kg/ha), and U4 (220 kg/ha) produced the identical but highest grain yield. Therefore, 140 kg urea/ha(U1) may be suggested to grow BRRI dhan46 because this rate is economically and ecologically sustainable than the others. Interaction of treatment combination M1U1 (split of urea @ 140 kg/ha) is revealed significantly better over all the tested treatment. Though in few specific parameter, the interaction combination M1U4 (split of urea @ 200 kg/ha) was found to possess significantly higher result but this treatment run with higher level of nitrogen application, effect of such treatment is not altogether stable in all characteristics so, this treatment combination is recommendable for cultivation of aman rice. Fertilizer dose selection and the method of fertilizer application should be experimented for the judicial and optimum use of fertilizer to obtain better result for specific crop under its cultivation environment.

Knowledge Management: Journal