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Comparative Effect of Gamma and X-ray Irradiations on Some Characters of Rice Seedlings of Ashfal and BINAdhan-14

Md. Hasanuzzaman Rani
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Kamruzzaman
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim
Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Laboratories Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria.

Md. Abul Kalam Azad
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Babul Akter
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To start a mutation breeding program, it is a prerequisite to determine the effective irradiation dose rate. In this study two rice genotypes (landrace Ashfal and improved mutant variety Binadhan-14) were exposed to gamma and X-ray irradiations compare their sensitivity and to determine the effective radiation dose for mutation induction. It was found that germination percentage, seedling height and plant survival percentage decreased with the gradual increase of dose rate both in gamma and X-ray irradiation. For Ashfal, LD50 and LD30 were 241 Gy & 153 Gy in case of gamma ray and 215 Gy & 118 Gy in case of X-ray. In case of Binadhan-14 these values were 353 Gy & 254 Gy for gamma ray and 346 Gy & 242 Gy for X-ray. On the tested genotypes LD50 and LD30 were higher in gamma ray than X-ray that means a lower dose of X-ray compared to gamma ray is required to achieve same relative biological effects (RBE).These ranges of LD50 and LD30 values could be useful in varietal improvement program for the tested genotypes.

Keywords: Gamma ray, X-ray, LD50, LD30, Rice

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

This experiment was undertaken to assess the effectiveness and measure the effective doses of gamma and X-ray on Ashfal and Binadhan-14 to make genetic variation at seedling stage of rice.

Methodology:

Two Bangladeshi rice genotypes viz. Ashfal (landrace) and Binadhan-14 (improved mutant variety) were used in this study to observe the effect of X-ray and gamma ray irradiation. The improved mutant variety Binadhan-14 was derived from landrace Ashfal by carbon ion beam irradiation. Ashfal is photosensitive, tall, long durated and low yielding whereas Binadhan-14 is photo insensitive, semi-dwarf, short durated and high yielding rice varieties. Before irradiation, germination test was done to see the germination percentage and viability of the seeds. Twenty seeds per genotype were sown in Petri dishes containing water soaked filter paper at normal temperature and in growth chamber. Prior to mutagenic treatments, the seeds were kept in a desiccator with 60% glycerol/water mixture for seven days at room temperature for seed moisture equilibration.Twenty pure and healthy dry seeds were irradiated with 0 Gy, 100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400Gy and 500 Gy doses of X-ray and gamma rays. For X-ray RS 2400 and gamma ray Cobalt 60 gamma irradiator GC-220 of Seibersdorf Laboratories of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Austria was used in February, 2014. The dose rate was 12 Gy/min. and 8Gy/min. for X and gamma irradiator, respectively. After irradiation, seeds were pre-soaked and placed between two wet papers and kept vertically in racks. Then the racks were placed in a plastic tray which contains distilled water. The bottom of blotter paper was dipped in water. Then the whole setup was placed in a plastic film-covered growth cabinet which was connected to a humidifier to maintain the humidity in the chamber. After seven days, data were taken on germination percentage. Then the seedlings were transplanted in the hydroponic system. Plant height was taken at seedling stage after 14 days of sowing and plant survival rate was counted at 30 days after sowing. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 program. Percentage plant survival was calculated using the following formula: Percentage of survival plant = {Number of survived seedlings at 21 DAT/ Total number of seedlings transplanted at 7 DAG} ×100. LD50 and LD30 were calculated by regression analysis.

Source of Information: J. Biosci. Agric. Res. 08(02): 739-745

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.18801/jbar.080216.88

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High doses of irradiation cause severe physiological damage on germination percentage, seedling height and reduce survival rate. The X-rays are more efficient than gamma rays to attain the same relative biological effects (RBE) and Ashfal was found more sensitive to irradiation than Binadhan-14. So, the calculated LD50 values based on survival percentage may be useful for mutation induction and varietal improvement program of Ashfal and Binadhan-14.

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