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Profitability of Betel Leaf Cultivation and Its Constraints to Higher Production in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Q.M.S. Islam
Principal Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

M.A. Matin
Chief Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in three betel leaf growing areas namely Noakhali, Rajbari and Khulna district during 2015-16 to assess the agronomic practices, profitability and to explore the constraints to betel leaf cultivation. The findings of the study revealed that betel leaf cultivation was profitable in the study areas, although BCR in the first and second year were below one due to high investment cost and low yield. Highest yield and gross return were received by the farmers in the fourth year. The benefit cost ratio was found highest in fourth year followed by third year and fifth year. The benefit cost ratio at 12%, 15% and 20% rate of interest were 1.16, 1.15 and 1.14 respectively. IRR was calculated 59% in current situation, IRR 42% was found by 5% decrease of return and IRR 52% by 5% increase of cost. The result indicates that betel leaf cultivation is profitable under changing situation of sensitivity analysis. Farmers faced some constraints like leaf rot disease, high price of boroj materials, non-availability of modern variety, low price of betel leaf, high price of oil cake, vine died, lack of capital, etc. Breeders should take initiative for developed high yielding varieties of betel leaf.

Keywords: Profitability, Betel Leaf, Cultivation

Location: Noakhali, Rajbari and Khulna district

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Betel leaf

Objectives:

1. To examine the agronomic practices of betel leaf cultivation at growers level;

2. To find out the profitability of betel leaf cultivation by the growers; and

3. To explore the constraints and farmers attitudes towards betel leaf cultivation.

Methodology:

Multi-stage sampling technique was followed for the study. Three betel leaf growing districts namely Noakhali, Rajbari and Khulna were purposively selected. Again from each district three upazilas were selected considering the concentration of betel leaf growers and easy access. Also from each upazila one block was selected with consultation of Upazila Agriculture Officer. A list of betel leaf growers from the selected block were collected with the help of DAE personnel. Thus a total of 3 x 3 x 15 = 135 samples were randomly selected for the interview. Data were collected by the experienced field investigators with direct supervision of the researchers using a pre-tested interview schedule. Data were categorized according to the year of cultivation. The age of the boroj were classified like 1^st year, 2^nd year, 3^rd year, 4^th year, 5^th year, (6-10)^th year and (11-20)^th year. Collected data were edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study. Tabular methods of analysis using descriptive statistics like average, percentage, ratio etc. were followed in presenting the results of the study. For measuring capital productivity, costs and returns were discounted at 12 %, 15% and 20% rate of interest.

Source of Information: Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Report-2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the betel leaf farmers in the study areas cultivated local varieties. The benefit cost ratio, net present worth and internal rate of return indicate that betel leaf cultivation is profitable for the farmers in the study areas. Sensitivity analysis also indicates that the betel leaf farmers can earn profit under changing situation. Cultivation cost of betel leaf is very high mostly due to more use of labour and high price of boroj materials. Farmers faced various constraints like, leaf rot disease, high price of boroj materials, non-availability of modern variety, low price of betel leaf, high price of oilcake, vine died, lack of capital etc. Pathologist may conduct research on betel leaf for controlling diseases. It is also imperative to carry out more research on developing high yielding varieties of betel leaf and to develop appropriate production technologies for maximizing the yield as well as income and minimizing cost. Extension works with publicity need to be strengthened to popularize the BARI released varieties of betel leaf and to expand the cultivation area.

Knowledge Management: Journal