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Screening of Sesbania Accessions Based on Seed Germination and Seedling Biomass

Sontosh C. Chanda
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Nazia Islam
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Fardous Jahan Tinne
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

A.K.M. Golam Sarwar
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seedling emergence and germination percentage of seeds play a vital role for optimum plant population and biomass yield maximization of a crop in the field. An experiment was carried out at Plant Systematics Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the month of April to May 2016 for the screening of Sesbania accessions based on seed germination, vigour index and initial biomass yield. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with four replications. One hundred and ten Sesbania accessions were used as experimental materials. Four hundred healthy seeds, 100 seeds as one replication, of each accession were spread uniformly on containers for the germination test. Cumulative germination percentage of seeds was counted daily up to 10 days. After 10 days, 40 seedlings (10 from each replication) were taken from each accession and measured. Quantitative descriptors viz. emergence (%) and germination (%) of seeds, vigour index, shoot length, root length, base diameter and biomass yield, varied significantly. Based on quantitative descriptors, Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and Principal Component analyses (PCA) were conducted. In PCA, the first three principal components explained 82.64% of the total variations. In AHC, three individual clusters were developed and six accessions always remained in the same cluster. These six accessions could belong to same species. Based on their seed germination and initial seedling growth, five accessions performed better and selected for further study. Field trials of these accessions are needed to recommend one or more accessions as cultivar(s).

Keywords: Fresh weight, Biomass, Germination behavior, Sesbania, Vigour index

Location: Plant Systematics Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-04-2016

End Date: 00-05-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Dhaincha

Objectives:

The present study was screening of Sesbania accessions based on seed germination, seedling vigour and their initial biomass yield with a long time goal of a cultivar development/release.

Methodology:

The present experiment was carried out at Plant Systematics Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the month of April to May, 2016 for the screening of Sesbania accessions based on seed germination, seedling vigour and initial biomass yield. One hundred and ten accessions of Sesbania spp. were collected through field survey in 19 districts of Bangladesh (detail collection information available upon request). A seed multiplication programme was carried out with uniform field and storage conditions, and the harvested seeds were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out as a complete randomized design with four replications. Germination test was conducted in the sterile sand medium in plastic containers. Four hundred seeds of each accession were tested. One hundred seeds were placed in a container and considered as one replication. The number of normal and abnormal seedlings, dead and/or non-germinated seeds were counted daily up to 10 days of seed sowing. Cumulative germination (CG) percentage of seeds was determined following Bewley and Black (1994). CG (%) = (∑n / N) × 100; Where, n is the number of seeds germinated at each day and N is the total number of seeds sown. The seedlings were harvested at 10 days after sowing (DAS). Forty seedlings from each accession, ten seedlings from each replication, were randomly selected and measured. Length of shoot and root were measured using a ruler, the base diameter was measured using digital slide callipers with a precision of 0.1 mm to 150 mm. Seedling vigour index (VI) was determined following Bewley and Black (1994). Vigour index= (Root length + Shoot length) × Germination (%) Fresh weight and biomass of shoot and root were measured by electric digital balance (Model #Shimadzu ATY 224). A fresh sample was oven dried at 72⁰±2⁰ C for 72 hrs. The quantitative parameters viz. shoot length, root length, base diameter, fresh weight & biomass of shoot and root, and total biomass yield, were analyzed and calculated with Excel application such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, the range of variation. Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster (AHC) and Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were done based on the quantitative descriptors viz. germination (%), vigour index, shoot length, root length, base diameter and total biomass, by using XLSTAT 2009.3 and “R” software program, respectively.

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 3(2): 137-142 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2018.030206

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on seed germination percentage, seedling vigour index, and biomass yield, five better performed Sesbania accessions (#7, 10, 47, 49 and 93) were selected for further studies. In PCA, the first three principal components explained 82.64% of the total variations in original data. In AHC analysis, based on different quantitative descriptors the accessions were divided into three major clusters with a few sub-clusters. Both in PCA and AHC analyses, Sesbania accessions # 66, 70, 79, 81, 82 and 85 remained closer/in the same cluster, and these accessions could belong to same species. Rest of the accessions may belong to three or more different species of Sesbania.

Knowledge Management: Journal