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Effects of Triclabendazole and Nitroxynil on Epg, Hematological Parameters and Body Weight Against Fascioliasis in Goats at Government Goat Development Farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Khanam S
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Islam MS
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Aktaruzzaman M
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Hossain MA
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Hossain MM
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Hossain MK
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Mamun MA
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Noor M
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Howlader MMR
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of triclabendazole and nitroxynil against fascioliasis in goat for a period of 28 days on 20 black bengal goats. Among hundred goats, twenty were selected for this study which was suffering from liver fluke (Fasciola gigantica) infection and were marked by tagging. Twenty goats were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) where each group comprising of five goats. Group A were treated with tablet fasinex (triclabendazole, Novartis Ltd, Bangladesh) orally at the dose rate of 12 mgkg^-1body weight, group B were treated with acinex (triclabendazole, ACI Ltd, Bangladesh) orally at the dose rate of 12 mgkg^-1body weight and group C were treated with nitronex injection (nitroxynil, Renata Ltd, Bangladesh) subcutaneously at the dose rate of 10 mgkg-1 body weight. Goats of group D was kept as infected control group without giving any treatment. A significant (P<0.01) reduction of egg per gram (EPG) count was found on 7^th, 14^th, 21^st and 28^th days of treated goats of group A, B and C, respectively. The EPG count of control group were significantly (P<0.01) increased 7 day onwards up to experimental period. Reduction of mean EPG on 7^th, 14^th, 21^st and 28^th day after treatment in group A, B and C were 81.48%, 81.25% and 83.04%, respectively, whereas in control group the mean EPG were 22.43%. Of the hematological parameters, TEC, Hb and PCV values were lower on day 0 but turned to increase (p<0.01) on day 28 of the study. On the other hand, ESR and TLC were higher before treatment (day 0) but decreased significantly (p<0.01) on day 28.The body weight increased significantly (P<0.01) after treatments in group A, B and C respectively except untreated control. This result may indicate that three commercial anthelmintics contain triclabendazole and nitroxynil against fascioliasis in goat and nitroxynil have higher efficacies on egg per gram (EPG), hematological parameters and body weight against fascioliasis in goat. Additional detailed studies are required to prevent and control of fascioliasis in goats by using a routine prophylactic anthelmintics measurement.

Keywords: Anthelmintics, Triclabendazole, Nitroxynil, Eggs per gram, Hematology, Body weight, Goat, Black bengal goats

Location: Government goat development farm, Sylhet under the supervision of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases, Goat

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of three commercial anthelmintics against fascioliasis in goats and their effects on the basis of EPG count, body weight of goats and hematological parameters like total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin % (Hb%), packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and total leukocyte count (TLC) were also included in this investigation.

Methodology:

This study was conducted for a period of 28 days at government goat development farm, Sylhet (24.909221°N 91.901986°E) under the supervision of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University (24.909221°N 91.901986°E), Sylhet, Bangladesh to evaluate the effects of triclabendazole and nitroxynil against fascioliasis on EPG, hematological parameters and body weight in goats. The study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the government goat development farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh. Twenty goats of 1.5-2 years old are weighing between 16 to 17 kg were selected randomly which were severely infected with fascioliasis. All the goats were reared under standard farm managemental procedure. Twenty goats were randomly divided into four groups each comprising of five goat and marked as A, B, C and D. Goats of group A were treated with tablet fasinex (Triclabendazole, Novartis Ltd, Bangladesh) orally at the dose rate of 12 mgkg^-1body weight, group B were treated with acinex (triclabendazole, ACI Ltd, Bangladesh) orally at the dose rate of 12 mgkg^-1 body weight and group C were treated with nitronex injection (nitroxynil, Renata Ltd, Bangladesh) subcutaneously at the dose rate of 10 mgkg^-1 body weight and goats of group D served as untreated control. Weekly EPG count was done on day 7^th, 14^th, 21^st, 28^th post treatment by McMaster egg counting technique. McMaster fecal egg count method described by ^[8] was used. The percentage of reduction of EPG (eggs per gram) was calculated as N1-N2/N1×100; N1= Number at day “0”; N2 = Number on next counting day. The body weight of all goats was taken as described by ^[29]. Body weight = Length x (Girth)²/300 x 2.2 kg. Here Length = Length from the point of shoulder to the buttock in inches. Girth was also measured in inches at the point of xyphoid cartilage. With sterile syringe and needle maintaining aseptic condition, 5 ml of blood sample was collected from jugular vein of each goat and kept in vials containing anticoagulant (sodium- EDTA) and this was done on day of 0, 7^th, 14^th, 21^st and 28^th during experimental period. All the goat of treated and control groups were closely observed for 28 days after treatment. The fecal samples were collected from the treated and control groups of goat on 7^th, 14^th, 21^st and 28^th day of treatment to investigate the fecal egg count and were immediately brought to the Physiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Sylhet, Bangladesh for fecal examination. The blood samples were collected from the treated and untreated control groups on the day ‘28’ of treatment and hematological parameters TEC, Hb, PCV, ESR and TLC were determined as per method by ^[6, ^15].All the data were statistically analyzed by the statistical package programmed MSTAT-C developed by ^[24] and following the standard methods by ^[27] to find out the level of significance at 1 and 5% level. The mean difference among the treatments was determined as per Dancan’s Multiple Range Test ^[10]. The eggs of parasites were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics as described by ^[28] and then counted.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(2) 46-51

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v5i2.28611

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The finding of the present study reveals that nitronex (nitroxynil) are highly effective on egg count (EPG), hematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV, ESR and TLC) and body weight in fascioliasis in goat than that of fasinex (triclabendazole) and acinex (triclabendazole) during the experiment. These three drugs having wide therapeutic index, cost effective and their market prices are within the reach of the farmers in our country. It was also observed that farms in these areas lack fences and cattle, sheep and goats use the same pasture for grazing. In this regard, it is suggested that practice of separate grazing of animals with low stocking rate may be adopted. It is therefore, suggested that anthelmentic treatment on quarterly basis may be implemented to reduce the risk of re-infection. Further study should be required to prevent the parasitic infection of the animals and maximizing the production.

Knowledge Management: Journal