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Livelihood Status of Hill Dwellers in Bandarban, Bangladesh

Md. Altaf Hossain
Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), Ministry of Agriculture, Krishi Khamra Sarak, Dhaka

Ali Ahmad
Dept.of Agriculture Extension, Ministry of Agriculture, Ali Kadam, Bandarban, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bandarban hill district is of great importance for growing various crops, which are different from the plains. Farmers practice traditional Jhum culture for their livelihood. They slash and burn the vegetation on hills and go for Jhum cultivation without adopting any conservation measures which contributes to soil and nutrient loss. It can also lead to land degradation as the fallow periods needed for the recovery of natural resource is reduced due to population pressure. A Questionnaire based survey in six upazila of Bandarban revealed that the hill dwellers are lagging behind in education, farming knowledge, access to information on modern culture, modern inputs and government loan facilities. Their food security is at stake as they can seldom produce enough food for their consumption. An eco-efficient smallholder crop production system involving conservation techniques for the sustainable management of vegetation, soil, and water resources in drought-prone hillsides is urgently needed for sustainable livelihood of hill dwellers.

Keywords: Hill dwellers, Jhum culture, Livelihood

Location: Bandarban hill district

Start Date: 00-01-2015

End Date: 00-03-2015

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Social status

Objectives:

The study was undertaken to assess the present livelihood status of hill dwellers in Bandarban hill district to help the planners to come up with appropriate development programs.

Methodology:

Primary data has been collected by conducting a survey work with a well-prepared semi structured questionnaire. The questions were asked in traditional language (Chakma) but the answer written in English language. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 10 software. Ruma, Lama, Thanchi, Ruwangchhari, Alikadam, Bandarban sadar upazila of Bandarban district. Total 120 farmers, of which 20 farmers were sampled from each upazila and interviewed during January to March 2015.

Source of Information: (2017)/ Int. J. Bus. Manag. Soc. Res.03(01): 154-161

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/ijbmsr.030117.18

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Slash and burn practices, also known as shifting cultivation or swidden agriculture, or simply jhum, is an ancient form of agriculture practiced by millions of people around the world currently. This traditional cultivation practice has been the only way of subsistence agriculture practice for many of the CHT people specially who are living in remote places. Food insecurity is a great concern in CHT where it sometimes becomes very difficult to arrange three meals particularly for medium or big families. They slash and burn the vegetation on hills and go for Jhum cultivation which contributes to soil and nutrient loss. It can also lead to accelerated land degradation as population pressure reduces the fallow periods needed for the recovery of natural resources. Present study revealed that the hill dwellers are lagging behind in education, farming knowledge, access to information on modern culture, inputs and loan facilities. As such they could seldom produce enough food for their consumption. An eco-efficient smallholder crop production system with conservation techniques for the sustainable management of vegetation, soil, and water resources in drought-prone hillsides is urgently needed for sustainable livelihood of hill dwellers.

Knowledge Management: Journal