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Husbandry Practices of Dairy Farming at Chittagong Sub-urban Area

Faruk MSA
Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong-4225

Islam SKMA
Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong-4225

Alam M
Department of Animal Science and Nutrition; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong-4225

Deb A
Department of Youth Development and Research, Chittagong- 4216

Chanda GC
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong-4225

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to know the present status including general information, feeding, breeding, housing, milking etc. and costs and returns of small dairy farms, to compare the productive and reproductive performance of crossbred and indigenous cows and to make recommendation for development of small scales dairy farming. With this view, the empirical data were collected by using pretested questionnaire. The study was conducted at preselected 30 dairy farms in Chittagong suburban area, and four months-long survey was diminished on thirty small dairy owners. It appeared that 57% farm owners belong to business class and remaining 43% to different categories. Fifty three percent took dairying as a side-business whereas only 47% took it as a main business enterprise. Major percentage of farm owner education level was Higher Secondary (60%). The dry period, calving interval, services per conception and days open of crossbred was 98.5±18.9, 419±11,3.1±0.82, 118±25.8 and indigenous was 140±10.4, 428±24.7,1.95±0.44, 137±7.78 respectively. The study showed that there were significant (P<0.01) differences within the dry period, services per conception, calving to first service, highest and lowest milk production and lactation period of crossbred and indigenous dairy cows. The study also showed non-significant differences within calving interval for crossbred and indigenous. In case of small dairy farming, the farms were facing a lot of problems such as scarcity of feeds and fodder, high price of concentrate and lack of technical knowledge. This type of dairy farming will be a potential sector for economic development of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Cost and return, Crossbred, Dairy farming, Indigenous, Performance

Location: Chittagong district

Start Date: 00-09-2013

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cow

Objectives:

To determination the actual condition of this dairy farm various parameters like housing, feeding, breeding, biosecurity & health care management that mean the overall husbandry status need to evaluate.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Chittagong district in Bangladesh between September to December, 2013. Its geographical location is 22° 21' 49" N and 91° 48' 12" E in DMS (Degrees Minutes Seconds). In order to collect the more purified data of various farms an organized questionnaire was formatted. Data were collected through face to face interviewing of farmer and personal visits to the randomly selected dairy farming households involved in small scale dairy farming. A questionnaire was designed to capture information related to general characteristics of the household and the household head; farmland ownership and use housing pattern; production, inputs, costs and profits/income from dairy farming and other households activities; income from non-farm activities; expenditure of income from dairy farming; assets ownership; perceived benefits and constraints to dairy farming. Chittagong district and Patiya upazila were selected in bias (Non-random selection). Patiya upazila have 22 unions. From these union five unions were randomly selected and from this five unions six farm was selected randomly (Multi-stage random sampling). The farms which have 3≤ cattle as define as small scale dairy farm are our target population. All the dairy farms of the district engaged in production were classified as population of the study. On the basis of-nature of research and analysis; number of variables; resource constraints; and, the importance of decision, a sample size of 30 Dairy farms were selected. After collecting all the data of individual dairy farms, we analyze some vital husbandry issues like housing, feeding, breeding, udder health status, biosecurity condition etc. Here we tried to make a comparative deviation on these key issues from a minimum standard that required for a dairy farm operation. Actually percentage (%) of some special important husbandry practice is find out here and graphically represent on some contrast. The obtained data was stored in Excel-2007 and imported to software STATA/IC-11.0 (STATA Corporation, USA) for analysis. Stored data were tabulated and arranged as percent value. Descriptive statistics (i.e. means, frequencies etc) was done to estimate the different variables. Unpaired unequal t-test was used to determine the level of significance (P<0.01) between categorical variables.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(2) 59-65

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v5i2.28613

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Bangladesh is considered one of the most suitable countries in the world for dairy farming. The present management condition of small dairy farms in Patiya at Chittagong district is more or less traditional and the productive and reproductive performance of crossbred cows was better than that of indigenous cows. Most of the farmers believe that dairy farming is a profitable enterprise and can be more profitable if Government gives support on feed cost, marketing, loan and management training.

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