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Seasonal Variation in Population Dynamics of Helminth Parasites in Clarias Batrachus from Natural Wetlands of Sylhet, Bangladesh

SM Bari
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

SMI Khalil
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

MAA Mamun
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

MJ Islam
Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

MA Baten
Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

MM Hossain
Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze (University of Florence), Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Florence and Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A year round field investigations were conducted with the aim to examine the seasonal variation in population dynamics of helminth parasites in Clarias batrachus from different natural aquatic habitat of north-eastern region of Bangladesh, Sylhet. This article summarizes the percentage of prevalence, mean intensity, abundance and index of infestation of helminth parasites in the C. batrachus during different months and seasons of the year in accordance with temperature, humidity and rainfall. The investigation period were categorized into four seasons i.e. pre-monsoon (February-April), monsoon (May-July), post-monsoon (August- October) and winter (November- January). A total 180 C. batrachus host individuals were examined and among them 139 (67.87%) specimens were found to be infested with 2205 individuals of parasites of three different groups namely trematode, cestode and nematode. Almost (100%) prevalence of helminth infestation were recorded from both male and female C. batrachus during the winter (Nov-Jan), followed by (Feb-April) pre-monsoon (66.67-86.67%) and (Aug-Sep) post-monsoon (66.67-80.00%) while lowest (53.33-60.00%) in monsoon or rainy season (May-July). Lower range of environmental temperature (21.0525.050C), associated with moderate humidity (62.00-64.00%) and scarcity of rainfall increases the intensity of helminthes parasitic infestation in C. batrachus. In consistent to this, with the gradual increasing in ambient temperature (28.01- 30.010C) and humidity (75.00-89.00%) associated with moderate rainfall (33.40-790.90 mm) declining the intensity of helminthes infestation in C. batrachus of the study area.

Keywords: Seasonal variation, Population dynamics, Helminth, Temperature, Natural wetland

Location: Sylhet namely Majortila, Batashor, Bandhar, and Kazir bazaar

Start Date: 00-02-2014

End Date: 00-01-2015

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To investigate the seasonal variation in population dynamics of helminth parasites in C. batrachus during different seasons in accordance with temperature, humidity and rainfall from natural wetlands of north-eastern region i.e. Sylhet basin, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A total 180 C. batrachus (15 in each months) were collected from different fish markets of Sylhet namely Majortila, Batashor, Bandhar, and Kazir bazaar, which were harvested from flood plains and haors of north eastern region, Bangladesh throughout the year starting from February, 2014 up to January, 2015. Monthly mean temperature (^oC), humidity were measures by using Silver Indoor Digital Thermometer & Hygrometer (LC Technology 302-604S) and rainfall (mm) data from the meteorological department and investigate their influence on the rate of incidence, prevalence, and infestation. After collection of the specimens, they were brought to laboratory, autopsied, and examined for helminths infestation by using standard methods. Endo-helminth parasites were collected, washed with saline solution and preserved in 10% formalin solution. Then stained with Grenacher’s Alcoholic Borax Carmine, dehydrated, cleared in xylene, mounted in DPX, processed to a permanent slide and identified under a compound microscope while drawings are made with the aid of camera lucida. The identification of the collected parasites was made with the help of “Systema Helminthium” vol. II. “Cestode of vertebrates” [19, 20, 21, 22, 23] and population dynamics of cestode parasites were determined by using following formulae. i) Prevalence (%) = No. of host fish infested/No. of host fish examined x 100; ii) Mean Intensity = No. of the parasites collected/No. of the infestedhosts; iii) Abundance = No. of the parasites collected/No. of the hosts examined; iv) Index of Infestation = No. of host infested x No. of parasites collected/ (No. of host fish examined)². Data interpretation was done by using MS excel and SPSS 17 (Chicago, USA) software performed to detect the significance differences.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(2) 86-89

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v5i2.28617

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Findings of the current study suggested that the high infection (level of prevalence, incidence, intensity, density and infection index) of helminth parasites in C. batrachus were occurred during the months of November, December and January i.e. winter whereas lowest in monsoon might be associated with the lower temperature, moderate humidity and scarcity of rainfall in winter season. Though present findings depicted contour of helminthes infestation in C. batruchus however there might be a high possibilities to transfer endo-parasites to human food chain and associated impact pathways on human health need to be investigate in future.

Knowledge Management: Journal