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Germination, Growth and Yield Response of Kohlrabi, Brassica Oleraceavar. Gongylodes L. to Nacl Induced Salinity Stress

Ajay Kumar Biswas*
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Mannan
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Prosanto Kumar Dash
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Objective: To determine the effect of different salinity levels on growth, yield, yield attributes, and different parameters of germination and seedling growth of kohlrabi, Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, a vegetable of the family Brassicaceae. Methods: This study was carried out using completely randomized design in seven replications. Experimental treatment includes five levels of salinity (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 dSm^-1) along with control. Results: Highest germination energy (56.79%), shoot length (4.84 cm), root length (3.46 cm) and dry weight of seedling (75.88 mg) were observed in control which were statistically similar to 3 dSm^-1 (50%, 4.81cm, 3.36 cm and 69.29 mg respectively). The highly decreased germination percentage (46.79%), root length (2.17 cm) and dry weight of seedling (52.57 mg) were observed in 15 dSm^-1 salinity level compared to their control values which was statistically similar to 12 dSm^-1 salinity level. In case of pot study, the highest leaf number plant^-1(15) and leaf width (15.31 cm) were obtained from control condition. Moreover, highest diameter of knob (9.04 cm), dry weight of knob (46.86 g), fresh weight of shoot (128.3 mg) and dry weight of shoot (12.57 mg) were obtained from control condition which were statistically similar to 3 dSm^-1 (8.19 cm, 36.01 g, 99.86 mg and 10.29 mg respectively), 6 dSm^-1 (7.43 cm, 33.9 g, 104.6 mg and 10.71 mg respectively) and 9 dSm^-1 (7.36 cm, 32.81 g, 124.7 mg and 11.14 mg respectively) salinity levels. Conclusion: Considering all the growth, yield and yield attributes observed in this study, kohlrabi was found tolerant to salinity levels up to 9 dSm^-1 while in respect of germination and seedling growth, it was found tolerant to salinity levels up to 3 dSm^-1.

Keywords: Salinity stress, Germination, Growth, Kohlrabi, Brassica oleracea, Yield, Yield attributes.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Kohlrabi

Objectives:

The present study was conducted with the following objectives: 1) To determine the effect of salinity levels on germination and seedling growth of kohlrabi. 2) To evaluate the effect of salinity levels on yield and yield attributes of kohlrabi.

Methodology:

Preparation of plant materials: Seeds of hybrid varieties of kohlrabi namely Early White (DEB 1701) were used in this study. After collection,these seeds were sun dried followed by hand sorting. Then seeds were placed in petridish after treating with fungicide. Preparation of salinity levels: Six different salinity levels (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15dSm^-1) and seven replication were used in this study. Total 1680 seeds were placed in 42 petridishesi.e. 40 seeds/petridish. Total number of petridishes= 6 (salinity levels) × 7 (replication) = 42 The amount of salt (NaCl) required to make the desired salinity level was estimated using the following formula. Procedure for germination: Seeds of kohlrabi were germinated in Whatman filter paper (sterilized) placed in petridishes (9cm diameter). Three pieces of filter paper (soaked with distilled water as control and respective salt solution) were placed in sterilized petridish. Then 40 seeds were placed in each petridish. NaCl was used since it is a common salt in coastal area of Bangladesh. Each treatment was replicated seven times. The petridishes were monitored every day. The germination was completed within seven days. After 7thday, data on shoot and root length, fresh weight, dry weight of shoot and root were recorded. Germination parameters: Germinated seeds were counted daily at specific time from the second day. At that time, those seeds were considered germinated of which radical length was more than 3 mm. The germination percentage was calculated using the following formula (Keshavarzi 2011b). Germination percentage= Germination energy = Percentage of seeds germinated at 72 h (Bam et al.2006)Germination capacity = Percentage of seeds germinated at 168 h (Bam et al.2006) Seedling vigor index (SVI): Seedling vigor index (SVI) was determined with the help of following formula (Seghatoleslami 2010).Seedling vigor index = Mean of seedling length (cm)×Germination percentage/100. Root and shoot length: After 7^th day of germination,shoot and root length were measured with a measuring scale and expressed in centimeters. Fresh and dry weight of seedlings: Fresh and dry weight of seedlings were recorded after 7^th day of germination. Preparation of pots: Plastic pots were filled-up with sun-dried soil and kept under natural light. Recommended dose of fertilizers was applied at the rate of 100 Kgha^-1 N, 85 Kgha^-1 P and 170 Kgha^-¹ K to each pot. Cow dung,Urea, TSP and MoP were uniformly incorporated into the soil before pot filling.Total number of pot = 6 (salinity levels) × 7 (replication) = 42. Transplanting of seedlings: After seed sowing, the seedbed was watered to keep the soil moist ensuring proper germination of the seeds. Apparently, healthy and diseases free seedlings of 35 days old were selected for transplanting. Intercultural practices were done whenever required including fertilizer application, pesticide application etc. Data collection: Data of the number of leaves plant^-1, plant height, length of leaves, width of the leaves, number of roots plant^-1, length of roots plant^-1, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots, fresh weight of shoots, dry weight of shoots, diameter of knob, length of knob, fresh weight of knob, dry weight of knob were collected at seven days interval. Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed using MSTAT-C statistical package program and the differences among the means were ranked using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 1% and 5% level of significance. Functional relationships between different parameters were developed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 program.

Source of Information: Biosci Bioeng Commun2016; 2(1): 81-89

Article Link (Online Journal): https://www.journalbinet.com/

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the findings of the present study, it might be concluded that considering all germination and seedling growth parameters observed in the experiment kohlrabi was found tolerant to salinity levels upto 3 dSm^-1. Germination of kohlrabi was severely affected due to high salt concentration. After seedling development, kohlrabi can withstand upto 9 dSm^-1 salinity levels and above this plant growth was started to decline. In view of all the growth, yield and yield attributes of kohlrabi was found tolerant to salinity levels upto 9 dSm^-1.

Knowledge Management: Journal