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Antagonistic Potential of Soil Fungi Against Colletotrichum Gloeosporiodes (penz .) Sacc., the Causal Agent of Anthracnose of Rauwolfia Serpentina (l.) Benth. Ex Kurz

Zuhra Yasmin
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Shamim Shamsi
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Four antagonistic fungi Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger van Tiegh. and Trichoderma viride Pers. were isolated from field soil of Rauwolfia serpentina by serial dilution method and selected to evaluate their antagonistic potentiality against Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes (Penz.) Sacc, the causal agent of anthracnose of Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz following dual culture colony interaction, volatile and non-volatile metabolites. In dual culture method Trichoderma viride showed maximum (84.28%) inhibition of test fungi followed by Aspergillus niger (77.39%), A. fumigatus (43.71%) and A. flavus (29.32%). Volatile metabolites of T. viride showed higher (77.64%) inhibition of test fungi followed by A. flavus (75.58%), A. fumigatus (60.88%) and A. niger (58.23%). Non-volatile metabolites of antagonistic fungi showed that A. flavus showed (94.42%) inhibition of test fungus followed by T. viride (90.90%), A. niger (86.13%) and A. fumigatus (73.73%). Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and T. viride may be exploited commercially as a biocontrol agent against anthracnose disease of R. serpentina.

Keywords: Antagonistic potentiality, Soil fungi, Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes, Anthracnose, Rauwolfia serpentina

Location: Curzon Hall Campus, Dhaka University, Lawachara Sylhet, Botanic Garden, Chittagong University Campus and Mymensingh Agricultural University campus, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2007

End Date: 00-08-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Contamination of soil

Objectives:

To find out the efficacy of antagonistic fungi against C. gloeosporiodes the causal agent of anthracnose of R. serpentina.

Methodology:

An investigation was carried out to find out the fungi associated with leaves of R. serpentina during April, 2007 to August, 2013. Infected leaves of R. serpentina having characteristic samples were collected from four different locations namely, Curzon Hall Campus, Dhaka University, Lawachara Sylhet, Botanic Garden, Chittagong University Campus and Mymensingh Agricultural University campus properly and then brought to the laboratory of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka. The fungi associated with infected leaves were isolated following “Tissue planting method” on PDA medium. A total of 15 species of fungi were isolated from infected leaves of R. serpentina. Pathogenecity test of the isolated fungi were done following ‘Detached leaf technique’ and ‘Spraying of spore suspension’ on healthy plants. Among the isolated fungi C. gloeosporiodes was found to be pathogenic to R. serpentina. Serial dilution method was used to isolate antagonistic fungi from rhizosphere soil of the host plant. Among the isolated soil fungi, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger and T. viride were selected to test their antagonistic potential against the following dual culture technique. The parameter used for the assessment of the colony interaction and per cent inhibition of radial growth was calculated. Effects of volatile and non-volatile metabolites of the selected soil fungi against the test pathogens were also studied. Data on different parameters were analyzed following computer package MSTAT-C and means were compared using DMRT. The data were collected and evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) by using STAR statistical program.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 219-226, 2019 (July)

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Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In contrast to the data obtained in the present study, Aktar et al. reported that nonvolatile metabolites produced by isolates of A.niger, T. viride, A. flavus and A. fumigatus inhibited mycelial growth of Colletotrichum sp. by 52.56, 44.72, 40 and 37.2%, respectively. Further, the non-volatile metabolites produced by an isolate of T. viride, A. niger, A. flavus and A. fumigatus inhibited mycelial growth of F. semitectum by 50, 45, 8 and 7.75%, respectively. Differences in per cent inhibition with the present study might be due to the difference in organism strains involved in the interaction. Two biocontrol agents viz., Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride were tested against ten white rot and one brown rot wood decay fungi (WDF) by dual culture technique under laboratory conditions. The result showed that both A. niger and T. viride inhibit growth of all WDF tested. The percentage inhibition of radial growth values of T. viride and A. niger are almost the same (ranging from 29.2 to 66.7) and the average mean value of T. viride (51.7) is 13.3 more than that of A. niger (45.5). The present investigation suggests that Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus and Trichoderma viride may be exploited commercially as a biocontrol agent to protect anthracnose disease of R. serpentina caused by C. gloeosporioides.

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