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Effect of Replacing Maize and Starch with Shoti Meal (curcuma Zedoaria) in Broiler

S Datta
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S Rahman
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

O Islam
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Hassan
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Hossain
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S M A Islam
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M H Rahman*
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effects of raw and autoclaved Shoti (Curcuma zedoaria) meal on the growth and N utilization of growing broilers were determined. Shoti from Bangladesh Agricultural University campus was collected and sorted on the basis of white color of the rhizome. Then they were chopped into pieces, sun dried and pulverized in a flour mill. Aliquot samples were autoclaved at 120⁰C under 15 lb of pressure per square inch for 30 min. Autoclaved samples were stored in tightly lid contained for future use. 3 One hundred -day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were reared on the floor and a total of 24 growing broilers, 4 birds in each group were weighed on d 15 Two broilers were placed in each cage. There were a total of four experimental and two control (positive and negative Non-protein control) diets. Diets were fed ad libitum from day 15 to 33 days. Body weight, feed intake, feed refusal and fecal weights were recorded every day. Cumulative feed efficiency per bird was calculated as the ratio of weight gained to feed consumed. Dry matter of excreta was determined from the last 10 d of feeding trial by drying aliquots of every day’s droppings by drying for 6 h at 105⁰C. On d 19, birds were bled to death. Immediately after slaughter, the carcasses were examined systematically. The chemical composition of Shoti meal showed that it is low in protein, fat and trace minerals and therefore mainly a source of energy. The bulk of the tuber (75 percent) consists of carbohydrates, made up of 10.6% fiber, and 64.9% nitrogen free extracts (NFE). A peculiarity of Curcuma rhizome meal contains high level of ash (9.9%) on DM basis. The results showed that at day 33, the weight of the broiler chicken fed shoti 100g, 200g, 300 g and 200g (autoclaved shoti meal)/Kg diet was significantly different from the weight of the chicken fed on a maize-soybean diet. The birds given shoti meal consumed less feed than those provided with a maize diet. Feed efficiency or weight gain to feed ration over 19-d period was the poorest when fed 300 g Shoti/ Kg diet. Intake picked up when the shoti meal was incorporated after having been autoclaved and there was slight improvement in body weight gain as compared to that of other Shoti fed group. However, feed efficiency and body weight gain as % of initial weight remained significantly lower than the maize-soybean control. The inclusion of Shoti meal generally had an adverse effect on the apparent dry matter digestibility compared with the control diets. The group fed autoclaved shoti meal had a similar effect and the true N digestibility was the lowest when compared to those of control fed on maize-soybean meal. Thus, physical treatment like using autoclave, caused further reduction of digestibility of its N. Lipid digestibility was reduced by ingestion of shoti meal. Since the diets were isocaloric, after correction for the apparent endogenous lipid losses, which were obtained from the results of non-protein control feeding, the net faecal losses was around 66.2% of the ingested lipid against control diet fed birds.

Keywords: Feeding trial, Broiler, Curcuma zedoaria, Shoti

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed, Broiler

Objectives:

Aim of this study is to establish any anti-nutritional effects of Curcuma zedoaria (shoti) when it will be used as a source of food for the growing broilers and to determine whether its nutritional value is explainable in terms of its chemical composition. The effects of physical treatment like autoclaving of shoti meal and eventual safe incorporation in the broiler diet and thus on its nutritional quality has also been assessed.

Methodology:

Shoti meal preparation Curcuma zedoaria (Shoti) from Bangladesh Agricultural University campus was collected and sorted on the basis of white color of the rhizome. Then they were chopped into pieces, sun dried and pulverized in a flour mill. Aliquot samples were autoclaved at 120⁰C under 15 lb of pressure per square inch for 30 min. Autoclaved samples were stored in tightly lid contained for future use. The procedure followed was essentially the as that used by Latif et al., (1979). Maize starch, corn oil, soybean meal, amino acids, minerals and vitamins were bought locally and were of general purpose grade. Test and control diets were formulated by substation of maize starch. The composition of four test diets were shown in Table 1. Pre-experimental period 100 Day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were obtained from local hatchery through a local agent in Mymensingh and were housed on rice husk until 14 day of age. They were fed commercial broiler starter diet ad libitum and reared on husk floor. Water was supplied ad libitum in plastic water trough. The body weight was monitored daily. Bird husbandry and sample collection A total of 24 growing broilers, 4 birds in each group were weighed on d 15 d weighing 525 ± 18.4 g, randomly allocated to cages. Two broiler birds were placed in each cage. There were a total of four experimental and two control (positive and negative Non-protein control) diets. Diets were fed ad libitum from day 15 for a period of 18 d (conventional slaughter weight). Body weight, feed intake, feed refusal and fecal weights were recorded every day. Cumulative feed efficiency per bird was calculated as the ratio of weight gained to feed consumed. The number of chicks with sticky droppings adhering to the cloaca area was noted on the same days of excreta collection. Water was available ad libitum throughout the study, via water plastic trough. On d 19, birds were bled to death. Immediately after slaughter, the carcasses were examined systematically. The abdomen was opened and gut contents were flashed with 0.9% saline and the length the intestine was recorded. Analytical methods Dry matter of the dried Shoti meal was determined by drying at 100⁰C for 24 hours (AOAC, 1990), Total nitrogen (N) was determined by the Macro Kjeldahl method, ash was measured in a muffle furnace at 500⁰C for 18 hours. Further analyses were carried out in the Departments of Soil Science, Biochemistry and Animal Nutrition. Diets and droppings were pulverized in a hammer mill designed by Dr.M.H.Rahman, which was fitted with 1 mm sieve. Pulverized diets and droppings were analyzed for total N (Davidson et al., 1970). Crude fibre was determined according to the sequential analysis described by Robertson and van Soest (1981) and was carried out in the Department of Animal Nutrition. BAU, Mymensingh. Statistical analysis The results of the four individual bird of the ad libitum feeding experiments were pooled and statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA using the Minitab computer programme (Minitab Inc., State College, PA 1608, USA). When P values were <0.05, the significance of difference between groups were estimated by Student’s t test.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2018. 47 (1):40-46

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The shoti meal has a negative impact on birds performance, when fed as a sole source of protein. Its ingestion appeared to result in poorer than expected in digestion, absorption of dietary protein and lipid and to cause disturbance of the intermediary metabolism. Such systemic effects lead to significant body compositional changes within 19 days.

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